{"id":9699,"date":"2021-03-17T23:31:49","date_gmt":"2021-03-17T20:31:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=9699"},"modified":"2021-03-17T23:55:49","modified_gmt":"2021-03-17T20:55:49","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%84%d9%88%d8%ab-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d9%83%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%b1-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ad%d8%af%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=9699","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a &#8211; \u0623\u0645\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631*"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0647:<\/strong> \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627<sup>[3]<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 2016\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0647\u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627<sup>[4]<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>\u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 2014\u060c \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 %50 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0631\u0645\u0649<sup>[5]<\/sup><\/li>\n<li>\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0629 2018 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 6.3 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0646. %9 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 %12 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0631\u0642\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627<sup>[3]<\/sup><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628. \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645. \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0633\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0638\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639<sup>[6]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9700\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9700\" style=\"width: 460px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9700\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06451.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"460\" height=\"276\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06451.png 460w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06451-300x180.png 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06451-150x90.png 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06451-110x66.png 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06451-275x165.png 275w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06451-310x186.png 310w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 460px) 100vw, 460px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9700\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">[7]<\/figcaption><\/figure>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u0641\u0627. \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u062b \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0636\u0631\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a<sup>[2]<\/sup>. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0643 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0625\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0647\u0627<sup>[8]<\/sup>. \u0636\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629<sup>[9]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-9701 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06452.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"267\" height=\"310\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06452.png 267w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06452-258x300.png 258w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06452-129x150.png 129w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06452-65x75.png 65w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06452-142x165.png 142w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06452-177x205.png 177w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 267px) 100vw, 267px\" \/>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631. \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0648\u062e\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0644\u062a\u0633\u0647\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<sup>[10]<\/sup>. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 2050 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648<sup>[11]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9702\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9702\" style=\"width: 662px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9702\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06453.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"662\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06453.png 1600w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06453-300x204.png 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06453-1024x697.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06453-150x102.png 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06453-768x523.png 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06453-1536x1045.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06453-110x75.png 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06453-242x165.png 242w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06453-301x205.png 301w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06453-485x330.png 485w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06453-771x525.png 771w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 662px) 100vw, 662px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9702\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">[10]<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0640 5.25 \u062a\u0631\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 270 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0637\u0646<sup>[12]<\/sup>. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 80% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0641 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627<sup>[7]<\/sup>. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u062c\u0632 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9703\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9703\" style=\"width: 315px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9703\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06454.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"315\" height=\"198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06454.png 700w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06454-300x189.png 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06454-150x94.png 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06454-110x69.png 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06454-263x165.png 263w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06454-310x195.png 310w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06454-525x330.png 525w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 315px) 100vw, 315px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9703\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">[14]<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><figure id=\"attachment_9704\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9704\" style=\"width: 304px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9704\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06455.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"304\" height=\"191\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06455.png 700w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06455-300x189.png 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06455-150x94.png 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06455-110x69.png 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06455-263x165.png 263w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06455-310x195.png 310w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06455-525x330.png 525w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 304px) 100vw, 304px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9704\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">[13]<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629. \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0639 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b. \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648 \u0631\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a<sup>[16,17]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9705\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9705\" style=\"width: 381px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9705\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06457.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"381\" height=\"236\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06457.png 711w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06457-300x185.png 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06457-150x92.png 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06457-110x68.png 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06457-268x165.png 268w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06457-310x191.png 310w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06457-536x330.png 536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 381px) 100vw, 381px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9705\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">[18]<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><figure id=\"attachment_9706\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9706\" style=\"width: 380px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9706\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06458.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"380\" height=\"253\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06458.png 1000w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06458-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06458-150x100.png 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06458-768x511.png 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06458-110x73.png 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06458-248x165.png 248w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06458-308x205.png 308w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06458-495x330.png 495w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06458-788x525.png 788w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 380px) 100vw, 380px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9706\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">[19]<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0631\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0640 1.6 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a (\u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631). \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0627<sup>[20]<\/sup>. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u064a\u0646<sup>[2]<\/sup>. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-9707 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06459.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"839\" height=\"148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06459.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06459-300x53.png 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06459-1024x181.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06459-150x26.png 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06459-768x136.png 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06459-110x19.png 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06459-310x55.png 310w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06459-660x117.png 660w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u06459-1050x185.png 1050w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 839px) 100vw, 839px\" \/>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u064a\u0643\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644&#8221;.<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643. \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0638\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a 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\u0628\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9708\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9708\" style=\"width: 486px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9708\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064510.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"486\" height=\"217\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064510.png 1600w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064510-300x134.png 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064510-1024x457.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064510-150x67.png 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064510-768x343.png 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064510-1536x685.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064510-110x49.png 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064510-310x138.png 310w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064510-660x295.png 660w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064510-1050x469.png 1050w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 486px) 100vw, 486px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9708\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">[21]<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f. \u0645\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u064c\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9709\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9709\" style=\"width: 540px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9709\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064511.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"540\" height=\"303\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064511.png 1100w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064511-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064511-1024x575.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064511-150x84.png 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064511-768x431.png 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064511-110x62.png 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064511-294x165.png 294w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064511-310x174.png 310w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064511-587x330.png 587w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064511-934x525.png 934w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 540px) 100vw, 540px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9709\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">[22]<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0642 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0642 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0645 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loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9710\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064512.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"512\" height=\"133\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064512.png 970w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064512-300x78.png 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064512-150x39.png 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064512-768x200.png 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064512-110x29.png 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064512-310x81.png 310w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064512-660x171.png 660w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9710\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">[24]<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062b \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u060c 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\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0647\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9755\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9755\" style=\"width: 381px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9755\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/41-e1615973390414.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"381\" height=\"386\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/41-e1615973390414.png 502w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/41-e1615973390414-296x300.png 296w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/41-e1615973390414-148x150.png 148w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/41-e1615973390414-74x75.png 74w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/41-e1615973390414-163x165.png 163w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/41-e1615973390414-203x205.png 203w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/41-e1615973390414-326x330.png 326w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 381px) 100vw, 381px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9755\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">[31]<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a. <strong>\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646 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src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064514.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"579\" height=\"352\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064514.png 790w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064514-300x182.png 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064514-150x91.png 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064514-768x467.png 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064514-110x67.png 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064514-272x165.png 272w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064514-310x188.png 310w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064514-543x330.png 543w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 579px) 100vw, 579px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9712\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">[32]<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0623\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a<sup>[33]<\/sup>. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0639 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062b\u0645\u064a\u0646. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0630\u0643\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0631\u0627<sup>[33]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9756\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9756\" style=\"width: 264px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9756\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/42-e1615973577777.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"264\" height=\"313\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/42-e1615973577777.png 699w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/42-e1615973577777-254x300.png 254w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/42-e1615973577777-127x150.png 127w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/42-e1615973577777-63x75.png 63w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/42-e1615973577777-139x165.png 139w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/42-e1615973577777-173x205.png 173w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/42-e1615973577777-279x330.png 279w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/42-e1615973577777-444x525.png 444w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 264px) 100vw, 264px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9756\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">[34]<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u062a \u0643\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0635\u0646\u0639 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\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0639 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0636\u0631\u0631\u0647 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f<sup>[2]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639\u060c \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f 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\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062a\u0631. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629\u061f \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0626\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<sup>[35]<\/sup>. <strong>\u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627. \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064c \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0627\u064c. \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u064a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0642\u0627 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0633\u0639\u0641\u0646\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629. 3 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0629 2018 \u0648\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 22. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c &#8220;\u0631\u0628\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e&#8221; \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 2.5 \u0637\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631<sup>[36]<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0646\u0633\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u060c \u0648\u0646\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0648 \u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9714\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9714\" style=\"width: 279px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9714\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064516.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"279\" height=\"186\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064516.png 1280w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064516-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064516-1024x682.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064516-150x100.png 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064516-768x512.png 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064516-110x73.png 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064516-248x165.png 248w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064516-308x205.png 308w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064516-495x330.png 495w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/\u0627\u064516-788x525.png 788w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 279px) 100vw, 279px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-9714\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">[37]<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><em><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 12pt;\">*\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0648\u062b \u0648\u064a\u0644\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/span><\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li>EcoWatch. 2014. <em>22 Facts About Plastic Pollution (And 10 Things We Can Do About It)<\/em>. [image] Available at: &lt;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecowatch.com\/22-facts-about-plastic-pollution-and-10-things-we-can-do-about-it-1881885971.html\">https:\/\/www.ecowatch.com\/22-facts-about-plastic-pollution-and-10-things-we-can-do-about-it-1881885971.html<\/a>&gt; [Accessed 8 March 2021].<\/li>\n<li>Kurzgesagt \u2013 In a Nutshell, 2018. <em>Plastic Pollution: How Humans are Turning the World into Plastic<\/em>.Available at: &lt;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=RS7IzU2VJIQ&amp;ab_channel=Kurzgesagt%E2%80%93InaNutshell\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=RS7IzU2VJIQ&amp;ab_channel=Kurzgesagt%E2%80%93InaNutshell<\/a>&gt; [Accessed 5 March 2021].<\/li>\n<li>The Economist. 2018. <em>The known unknowns of plastic pollution<\/em>. [online] Available at: &lt;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/international\/2018\/03\/03\/the-known-unknowns-of-plastic-pollution\">https:\/\/www.economist.com\/international\/2018\/03\/03\/the-known-unknowns-of-plastic-pollution<\/a>&gt; [Accessed 8 March 2021].<\/li>\n<li>Miandad, R., Anjum, M., Waqas, M., Ahmad, I., Alafif, Z., Aburizaiza, A., Barakat, M. and Akhtar, T., 2016. <em>Solid waste management in Saudi Arabia: A review<\/em>. [online] ResearchGate. Available at: &lt;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/303348044_Solid_waste_management_in_Saudi_Arabia_A_review\">https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/303348044_Solid_waste_management_in_Saudi_Arabia_A_review<\/a>&gt; [Accessed 8 March 2021].<\/li>\n<li>EcoWatch. 2014. <em>22 Facts About Plastic Pollution (And 10 Things We Can Do About It)<\/em>. 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[image] available at: &lt;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ceb.cam.ac.uk\/shaping-world\">https:\/\/www.ceb.cam.ac.uk\/shaping-world<\/a>&gt; [Accessed 12 March 2021]<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<figure id=\"attachment_9757\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-9757\" style=\"width: 248px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-9757\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/2-e1615973824321.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"248\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/2-e1615973824321.jpg 490w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/2-e1615973824321-280x300.jpg 280w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/2-e1615973824321-140x150.jpg 140w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/2-e1615973824321-70x75.jpg 70w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/2-e1615973824321-154x165.jpg 154w, 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