{"id":7954,"date":"2020-11-09T17:02:37","date_gmt":"2020-11-09T14:02:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=7954"},"modified":"2020-11-09T17:02:37","modified_gmt":"2020-11-09T14:02:37","slug":"%d9%85%d8%b4%d9%83%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d9%82%d9%84-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%af-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%ac%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%af%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%86-%d8%a3%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=7954","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f &#8211; \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\">The mind-body problem<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 10pt;\">(\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u00a0 \u060c \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a)<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 10pt; color: #0000ff;\"><span lang=\"AR-SA\"> \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629: <\/span><span lang=\"AR-SA\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-7955 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/mind-body-300x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"504\" height=\"252\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/mind-body-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/mind-body-150x75.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/mind-body-110x55.jpg 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/mind-body-310x155.jpg 310w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/mind-body-660x330.jpg 660w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/mind-body.jpg 670w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 504px) 100vw, 504px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>(\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0651\u064e\u062f \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0648\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 !!<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u061f!<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (Ancient Greek Medicine is described as rational, ethical and based upon observation, conscious learning and experience).<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u062d\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628:<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u063a\u0632 (mystery) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (conscious experience)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u060c \u0646\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (conscious experience) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u060c \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645, \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629\u00a0\u00a0\u0644\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0647 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0637\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u060c\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0644\u064e\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643\u061f<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #008000;\">\u0641\u0647\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 (subjectivity) \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a\u061f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0640 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0640 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0623\u064a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0641- cognitive science)\u00a0 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u0633. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644.(1)<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a (Consciousness) \u0648\u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0633\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0631 (Susan Jane Blackmore) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b: &#8220;\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0648\u0647\u0645\u064c\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a. \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064d \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064d\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0645&#8221; (2)\u00a0\u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 &#8211; Stream of consciousness \u060c psychology).<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a) (subjectivity)\u060c<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a (self-awareness)\u060c<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 (sense)\u060c<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (sensibility)\u060c<\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a (perception)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0647. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0647\u064a\u063a\u0644 (Hegel)\u200f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0637 (Immanuel Kant) \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629&#8221; &#8211; \u201cAnthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627. \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0634\u062e\u0635\u0627. (However, reason is man&#8217;s most essential attribute because it is the means by which a truly distinctive dimension is made possible for him. Reason, that is, reflective awareness, makes it possible to distinguish between good and bad, and thus morality can be made the ruling purpose of life (3). \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u06cc\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0637 (Immanuel Kant) \u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0627\u064b \u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0646\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u060c\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u062f\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u060c\u0625\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629\u00a0\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u060c \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0641\u062a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644:<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 !\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0645\u200c \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0645\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627\u061f!<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Idealism): \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0622 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062d\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (Materialism): \u0631\u0628\u0637\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0649 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u00ab\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0646\u00bb \u0648\u00bb\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646\u00bb \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0641\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0625\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (The theory of Forms or theory of Ideas) \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0633\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0629.\u00a0\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 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\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u00a0(\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0637 Imanuel Kant) \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627\u060c\u00a0\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0639\u0641 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064b\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u060c\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u060c \u0646\u0639\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629) \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u060c\u0641\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627\u061f \u0641\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644! \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0641\u061f \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0623\u064a \u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u061f \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643\u064b \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0647\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0621 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0627\u064b \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0623 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u00a0\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0646\u0629\u061f \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u0649 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u061f\u061f\u061f \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639.<\/p>\n<p>\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0623\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u063a\u0632 (mystery) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (conscious experience) \u060c\u00a0\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u060c\u00a0\u00a0\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0639\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0646\u0651\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u063a\u0632 \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 (\u200fjust small pieces of a massive puzzle).<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-7956 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/9a25319a0fea8859c3bf6bf09ae16310-300x203.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"203\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/9a25319a0fea8859c3bf6bf09ae16310-300x203.png 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/9a25319a0fea8859c3bf6bf09ae16310-150x101.png 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/9a25319a0fea8859c3bf6bf09ae16310-110x75.png 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/9a25319a0fea8859c3bf6bf09ae16310-244x165.png 244w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/9a25319a0fea8859c3bf6bf09ae16310-303x205.png 303w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/9a25319a0fea8859c3bf6bf09ae16310-488x330.png 488w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/9a25319a0fea8859c3bf6bf09ae16310.png 740w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645)\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643 \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u00a0\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f\u061f \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0634<a href=\"http:\/\/personal.lse.ac.uk\/birchj1\/\"> (Birch) <\/a>\u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0647\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (conscious experience<u>s)<\/u> \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u064b. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0645\u0633\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u062e\u0629. \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642 (\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (materialist)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (conscious experiences) \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u060c \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u061f 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\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0645\u064f\u0641\u0633\u064e\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a &#8211; Daniel Dennett&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a 1991 (\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a 7) \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (materialist) \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0632\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0648 &#8220;\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 (9)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0648\u064a [\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f] \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (psychophysical). \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 [\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a 10].<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 (dualist) [\u064a\u0624\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u062f] \u00a0\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 (epiphenomenalism) (\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a 11) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 (\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0648\u0643\u0633\u0644\u064a T.H Huxley) \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0630\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647. \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 <u>(<\/u>\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 9 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u060c \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629\u00a0\u00a0\u0647\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0623\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 (interactionism) \u0647\u0646\u0627 (\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a 9).<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 (interactionist) \u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621. \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621: \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646: \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629) \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 12 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641) \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u060c \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0623\u0644: \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0633 (Eccles) \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636) \u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0646\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0643. \u0634\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629) (panprotopsychism)<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u00a0\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a 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\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629&#8221; (\u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629&#8221;) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0639. \u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u060c \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641 (combination).<\/p>\n<p>\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 (Panpsychism) \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 <u>(<\/u>speculative) \u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u0623\u0631\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 &#8220;\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629&#8221; (IIT) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u062a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0641 <u>(<\/u>wonder of combination) \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0647 &#8220;\u0641\u0627\u064a \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.scientificamerican.com\/cross-check\/can-integrated-information-theory-explain-consciousness\/\">phi<\/a>&#8221; \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u0629 [\u0641\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u03a6 \u060c \u0623\u0648 phi \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 &#8220;\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629&#8221; \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645.\u00a0\u00a016]. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \/ \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0627\u062a (photodiodes) \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0650\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062a) \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u064a phi \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0647\u064a \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 (\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629) (panprotopsychist)\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0627\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u00a0\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 IIT \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0634\u0627\u0630\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u060c \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u060c \u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 IIT 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\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0647\u0646\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u064f\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0647\u0646\u0627\u062a &#8211; \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u062f\u064f\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0645\u063a\u0629 &#8211; \u0647\u0648 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 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\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0642 (\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643) \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0631\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629. \u0622\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0635\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 [\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f] \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 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\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0648\u0646\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n<h5 dir=\"rtl\"><strong>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635:<\/strong><br \/>\n1-\u00a0The puzzle of Conscious Experience \u00a0\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646 6\/7(1997) \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645. https:\/\/oloom.aspdkw.com\/1999\/02\/\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\/<br \/>\n2- https:\/\/ar.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631_\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a_(\u0639\u0644\u0645_\u0646\u0641\u0633)<br \/>\n3- Kant, Immanuel (1996). Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View. Translated by Victor Lyle Dowdell. Southern Illinois University Press. ISBN 978080932060<br \/>\n4-<a href=\"https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/zombies\/\">https:\/\/plato.stanford.edu\/entries\/zombies\/<\/a><br \/>\n5- <a href=\"https:\/\/www.syr-res.com\/article\/846.html\">https:\/\/www.syr-res.com\/article\/846.html<\/a><br \/>\n6- &#8220;\u062d\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621) \u0647\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0643 \u062c\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u201cEpiphenomenal Qualia\u201d (1982&#8243; \u0648\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u201cWhat Mary Didn\u2019t Know) \u060c1986). \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0631\u0651\u0631 \u2013 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a (2004) \u2013 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0648\u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f.&#8221; \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u063a\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 : <a href=\"https:\/\/www.hisour.com\/ar\/marys-room-knowledge-argument-26967\/\">https:\/\/www.hisour.com\/ar\/marys-room-knowledge-argument-26967\/<\/a><br \/>\n7-https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a_\u0645\u0641\u0633\u0631\u0627<br \/>\n<strong>8- \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0(Qualia) \u0623\u0648\u00a0<em>\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/em>\u060c (\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u064e\u064a\u0641\u064e\u0629\u00a0<sup>)<\/sup>\u00a0\u0641\u064a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A9\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629<\/a>\u00a0\u0647\u0648\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81_(%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A9)\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641<\/a>\u00a0\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%8A\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a<\/a>\u00a0\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B0%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9_(%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85)\">\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/a>. \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A5%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%83_%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%8A\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a<\/a>\u00a0\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%82%D9%84\">\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644<\/a>. \u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646<\/a>\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%85\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645<\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u062a\u0630\u0648\u0642 \u0637\u0639\u0645\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%86_(%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%AD)\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646<\/a>.&#8221; \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 :\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A9\">https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a_\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0629<\/a><br \/>\n9- &#8221; <strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0\u0641\u064a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9\">\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639<\/a>\u00a0\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a.<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_(%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9)#cite_note-1\"><sup>]<\/sup><\/a>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a.\u00a0\u0646\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0647\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0645\u064a\u062f -\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a- \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0647\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0627\u063a \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629\u00bb&#8221; \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_(%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9)\">https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629_(\u0639\u0644\u0645_\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639)<\/a><br \/>\n10- &#8220;\u0641\u064a <a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%82%D9%84\">\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644<\/a>\u060c\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B9%D9%82%D9%84\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a>\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062d\u064a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/a>\u00a0\u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B9%D9%82%D9%84\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%86\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f<\/a>\u00a0\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a\u0646.<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AB%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%82%D9%84_-_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B3%D8%AF#cite_note-Crane2001p1-2\"><sup>[<\/sup><\/a>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/w\/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9_(%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A9)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/a>\u0641\u064a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%82%D9%84_-_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B3%D8%AF\">\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f<\/a>&#8221; \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AB%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%82%D9%84_-_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B3%D8%AF\">https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629_\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644_-_\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f<\/a><br \/>\n11-&#8220;<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0(Epiphenomenalism) \u0647\u064a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A9\">\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a<\/a>\u00a0\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A3%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%82%D9%84_-_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B3%D8%AF\">\u0628\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f<\/a>\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0629) \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%AB_%D8%B9%D9%82%D9%84%D9%8A\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/a>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643).\u00a0\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%A8%D9%8A\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a<\/a>\u00a0\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0639 \u0646\u0628\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628\u00a0\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%86%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AE%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B5\">\u0645\u062b\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635<\/a>&#8221; \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 :\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B8%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%A8%D8%A9\">https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629_\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628\u0629<\/a><br \/>\n12\u2013 &#8220;<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>: \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u00a0\u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0631\u062f \u0641\u0639\u0644\u064d \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0641\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064b\u0627\u060c \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u00a0\u0623\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0637\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627\u064b \u0646\u062d\u0648\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0632 \u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0646.\u00a0\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 : \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u00a0\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643.&#8221; \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 :<a href=\"https:\/\/iep.utm.edu\/mental-c\/\">\u00a0https:\/\/iep.utm.edu\/mental-c\/<\/a><br \/>\n13-<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/89\/23\/11357\">https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/content\/89\/23\/11357<\/a><br \/>\n14-<a href=\"https:\/\/pdfs.semanticscholar.org\/8f28\/3a8b165685bd574f27b24b50b5debf4049ce.pdf?_ga=2.110950022.261890179.1599493011-1788026733.1599493011\">https:\/\/pdfs.semanticscholar.org\/8f28\/3a8b165685bd574f27b24b50b5debf4049ce.pdf?_ga=2.110950022.261890179.1599493011-1788026733.1599493011<\/a><br \/>\n15- <strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/strong>:\u00a0\u0641\u064a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A9\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629<\/a>\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/strong>\u00a0(Panpsychism) \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%88%D8%B9%D9%8A\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a<\/a>\u00a0\u0623\u0648\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B9%D9%82%D9%84\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644<\/a>\u00a0\u0623\u0648\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AD\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d<\/a>\u00a0\u0647\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635.\u00a0\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B3\">\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A3%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%86\">\u0648\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0646<\/a>\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AE_%D8%B3%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B2%D8%A7\">\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0632\u0627<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AF_%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B3\">\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0633<\/a>. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%A7\">\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627<\/a>\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7\">\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627<\/a>.\u00a0\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062c\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%82%D9%84\">\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644<\/a>\u00a0\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B6%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a<\/a>&#8221; \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635 \u0648\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A9\">https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629_\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/a><br \/>\n16-<a href=\"https:\/\/blogs.scientificamerican.com\/cross-check\/can-integrated-information-theory-explain-consciousness\/\">https:\/\/blogs.scientificamerican.com\/cross-check\/can-integrated-information-theory-explain-consciousness\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a:<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/philosophy\/blog\/2020\/11\/03\/the-mind-body-problem\/\">https:\/\/www.lse.ac.uk\/philosophy\/blog\/2020\/11\/03\/the-mind-body-problem\/<\/a><\/h5>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The mind-body problem (\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u062c\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0634\u0648\u00a0 \u060c \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a) \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a (\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a) \u0644\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u0651\u064e\u062f \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d \u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":6747,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7954","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-19"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7954","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7954"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7954\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":7961,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7954\/revisions\/7961"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6747"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7954"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=7954"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=7954"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}