{"id":4383,"date":"2019-12-25T10:23:22","date_gmt":"2019-12-25T07:23:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=4383"},"modified":"2019-12-25T10:23:22","modified_gmt":"2019-12-25T07:23:22","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%d8%a9-%d9%87%d9%8a-%d8%b9%d9%85%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%83%d8%aa%d8%b4%d8%a7%d9%81-%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d9%8a%d8%ba%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d9%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=4383","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 – \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"

Knowledge is a process of discovery: how constructivism changed education
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\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u060c \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627.<\/em><\/p>\n

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\u0637\u064f\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u060c \u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0648\u062a\u0633\u0643\u064a (\u0661\u0669\u0662\u0665-\u0661\u0669\u0663\u0664) \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0631\u0623\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n

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\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u060c \u0641\u0644\u0646 \u0646\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645 . \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0639 \u0637\u0641\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\/\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0645. \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a \u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 zone \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 (\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0665) – \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0644\u0646\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0661 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0661\u0660\u0660 (\u0661 + \u0662 + \u0663 + \u0664 + \u0665 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647). \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 brute force addition (\u0628\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 ) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062c\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0645: “\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643\u061f” \u0648 “\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645\u061f”.<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0661\u0660\u0661 (\u0661 + \u0661\u0660\u0660 \u060c \u0662 + \u0669\u0669 \u060c \u0663 + \u0669\u0668). \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0628 \u0665\u0660 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u0627\u064b \u0644 \u0661\u0660\u0661 \u060c \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0644 \u0665\u0660 \u00d7 \u0661\u0660\u0661 (\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0665\u0660 \u0645\u0631\u0629 ).<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0633\u064a (\u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064b) \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 – \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u00a0 \u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629) (\u0667) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0648\u062d\u062b\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u062e\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d) \u060c \u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 (\u0667).\u00a0 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u00a0 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 (\u0668).<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u064a\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u00a0 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0648: \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u061f \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • “\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0642\u0637 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636)\u061f”<\/li>\n
  • “\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u064e\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0642\u0637\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u061f”<\/li>\n
  • “\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0627\u061f”<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

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    \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0646\u061f<\/strong><\/p>\n

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    \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a – \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n

    \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 (\u0661\u0660) \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645.\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0661\u0661) \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u064a\u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 (\u0661\u0662).<\/p>\n

    \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0661\u0663) \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a) \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636.<\/p>\n

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    \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 (\u0661\u0667 \u060c \u0661\u0668) \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637:\u00a0 https:\/\/ar.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629_\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631_\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629
    \n\u0666-https:\/\/www.tp.edu.sg\/staticfiles\/TP\/files\/centres\/pbl\/pbl_sandra_joy_kemp.pdf
    \n\u0667-http:\/\/kodu.ut.ee\/~triinm\/educational_technology2\/artikkel4.pdf
    \n\u0668-http:\/\/my.ilstu.edu\/%7Eawlorsb\/referent.pdf
    \n\u0669-https:\/\/www.qct.edu.au\/pdf\/QCT_AustProfStandards.pdf
    \n\u0661\u0660-https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s10734-015-9945-z
    \n\u0661\u0661- https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1007\/s11165-013-9369-7
    \n\u0661\u0662- https:\/\/pdf.sciencedirectassets.com\/280203\/1-s2.0-S1877050911X00029\/1-s2.0-S1877050910004199\/main.pdf?X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEIT%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJHMEUCIH1Tz7RjZRCRmpluUserTTqA6AaPTBW9L996J8qyAs%2F5AiEAvrkbNxsc5U8byK4N3E72gfvKiFWo0ImaIYIcYHtiwNcq2AII3P%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FARACGgwwNTkwMDM1NDY4NjUiDLi8XzDO4uJ%2BhluFviqsAmlN%2FsKQh2uDSr7Dx4uZl7z1lZHQhaX6ZBanibOFUUV9mdGr87%2Bn7JWfWozh8hTykJdT8m%2Fq9rkmCv7gdeQFxFdL8ODisCAVLdtyYLHUDKRQQXyPs1NNTspts4O6jB0plDm89QBYLX322t%2FoE5ZSjn%2FabEbQ3i4okFMeEDDc4EJq3DuiQC7s0xoBecdhYWKKbKsSHH0vMXC4fZzyFZzRRb7%2Bq7gZGGUUyxVAvtahb%2FyP7mBHobHI7MNr7p7hXT6WrcosUg9b47a5wHkp3ZxqgRU6GjfK4fL3WNz6uIw9OGVkTw7lwavfwZhv3sd7pT2l%2BduQPZL33pHFzMMdQXOZrc1CNLppNsRtCWdRIYWAOMsA2qK5HP6WZsqsGQ68XdAFwqwGmf0%2BQ7Cj9dzi%2FDDou%2FTvBTrQAiC666Yx7rsAHl5DFczbfn4e0nUPCHmglBDwvx9tA3PURLXnt11GciWn%2FBvz3V6D2VOX6OXRdNEoAJFx5DWluAFf5HhHcPAgTw8tPjCz1LKosnSBA%2BqYnWQq%2BH6Iq%2FlENUJw59AoRTfFlUNpG8hTCHMQE1dPFi5yxIoqKxJ4NejimEbyG0XcZdnxBP5v11qVORy8QQPlcaVDGffuDN4ri0gEaPDn1kyFARg3vQAGp%2BvydqzI5SxOVevXrOQ0XEZy%2BtU3wD4%2FmIjrKEgdh%2BBlpg551bvzTfw4eg2SiuyYveWFN84gqGYTu0h6QnadArWohJdm8OiikLuFwZ%2FdEP4jsCL6mnFWWzFRcW1vxTbLnFt7Nx%2FWtN3%2F7wQSQ9Ta%2BLALesFFb0VY5clIt%2FXhMb01OeVBDdmayu2wYmXiTJesyPSoVMK6qxl3zfF6eAlKBV1iOw%3D%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20191220T203135Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAQ3PHCVTYSCPSIO66%2F20191220%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=6f3324e27b3e52250b384f9b9825b90672954200d28dcfa6ab4305435283334b&hash=eb572a0939a4e8f7efadecdf98abe96bfb5c8e4fe2e9096595a061ad26a1f54f&host=68042c943591013ac2b2430a89b270f6af2c76d8dfd086a07176afe7c76c2c61&pii=S1877050910004199&tid=spdf-76cf5b3a-a208-4c7e-b5d2-1fe309a42e4f&sid=04d040157e34174a1e880af5eaf95206f56agxrqb&type=client
    \n\u0661\u0663-https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/profile\/Manuel_Baechtold\/publication\/257659802_What_Do_Students_Construct_According_to_Constructivism_in_Science_Education\/links\/54d8c42f0cf2970e4e78e2c6.pdf
    \n\u0661\u0664- https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/002221949602900406
    \n\u0661\u0665- https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1177\/00222194020350040101
    \n\u0661\u0666- https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1002\/sce.10038
    \n\u0661\u0667-https:\/\/en.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Teaching_to_the_test
    \n\u0661\u0668-https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/pdf\/30181986.pdf?seq=1<\/h5>\n

    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a:
    \nhttps:\/\/theconversation.com\/knowledge-is-a-process-of-discovery-how-constructivism-changed-education-126585<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Knowledge is a process of discovery: how constructivism changed education \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0648\u0643 \u0632\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u00a0 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u064a\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0643\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0631\u0636\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0642 \u060c \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631\u00a0 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0636\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":4307,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4383","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-19"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4383","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4383"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4383\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4399,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4383\/revisions\/4399"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4307"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4383"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4383"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4383"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}