{"id":3837,"date":"2019-10-22T04:46:37","date_gmt":"2019-10-22T01:46:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=3837"},"modified":"2019-10-22T04:46:37","modified_gmt":"2019-10-22T01:46:37","slug":"%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b0%d8%a7-%d8%a3%d8%af%d9%85%d8%ba%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d9%89-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b3-%d9%86%d8%ad%d9%86-%d9%85%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%84-%d9%87%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=3837","title":{"rendered":"\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 “\u0646\u062d\u0646” \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 “\u0647\u0645” – \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"

Why our brains see the world as ‘us’ versus ‘them’<\/strong>
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\"\"<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

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\u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u00a0\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 priming \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a (\u0667). \u00a0\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 “\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629” (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a) \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0635\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 hardwired\u060c \u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a mesolimbic (\u0661)\u061f \u00a0\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0628 (\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0646\u0627\u061f<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a (\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\/\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631) \u060c \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f. \u00a0\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0646\u0627 (\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0646\u0627) \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a (\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0668) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a. \u00a0\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0631 signalling \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0629 (\u0669) \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u00a0\u0623\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0636\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0629). \u00a0\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 “\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646” \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 (\u0661\u0660).<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0623\u0629 \u0645\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644)”<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a \u00a0mesolimbic (\u0661) \u0647\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0646\u0627 “\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0623\u0629” (\u0661\u0661). \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0651\u0646\/\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632. \u00a0\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629 correlated \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a (\u0661).<\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0623\u0629 \u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0629 (\u0661\u0662) \u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a (\u0661\u0663).<\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u064b<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0631\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0623\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0646\u0627 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645 (\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644\u0646\u0627)” \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 “\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641” \u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631. \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0646 (\u0661\u0665) \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a circuits \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0646\u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u062f\u064a\u0634\u064a Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u064a\u063a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u00a0\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629”. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628.<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062c (\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0623\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0645) \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627\u061f \u00a0\u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 “\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 The Difference<\/a>” (\u0661\u0666) \u060c \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0633\u0643\u0648\u062a \u0628\u064a\u062c Scott Page<\/a> \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0643 \u0634\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0645\u0627 Enigma (\u0661\u0667) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0624 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u060c \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u062c Page \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0630\u0643\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631. \u00a0\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629. \u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 (\u0661\u0668).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0644\u0651\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u00a0\u062b\u0645 \u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 “\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0646\u0627” \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a (\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0623\u062a\u0647) \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635:<\/strong>
\n\u0661-<\/em>\u0667-https:\/\/ar.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631_\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a_\u0637\u0631\u0641\u064a
\n\u0662-https:\/\/www.abbreviationfinder.org\/ar\/acronyms\/iat_implicit-association-test.html<\/a>
\n\u0663-https:\/\/theconversation.com\/measuring-the-implicit-biases-we-may-not-even-be-aware-we-have-74912<\/a>
\n\u0664-https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0956797615624492<\/a>
\n\u0665-https:\/\/journals.plos.org\/plosone\/article?id=10.1371\/journal.pone.0167276<\/a>
\n\u0666-https:\/\/www.annualreviews.org\/doi\/10.1146\/annurev-neuro-060909-153230<\/a>
\n\u0667-https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/scan\/article\/7\/7\/771\/1673986<\/a>
\n\u0668-https:\/\/ar.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u0627\u0646\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0632_\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a
\n\u0669-https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nn.3136<\/a>
\n\u0661\u0660-https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0304394017309655?via%3Dihub<\/a>
\n\u0661\u0661-https:\/\/www.cell.com\/neuron\/fulltext\/S0896-6273(15)00133-6?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0896627315001336%3Fshowall%3Dtrue<\/a>
\n\u0661\u0662-https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0018506X16305207?via%3Dihub<\/a>
\n\u0661\u0663-<\/em>https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0306453016308678?via%3Dihub<\/a>
\n\u0661\u0664-https:\/\/neurophotometrics.com\/what-is-fiber-photometry<\/a>
\n\u0661\u0665-https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S0959438810000279?via%3Dihub<\/a>
\n\u0661\u0666-https:\/\/press.princeton.edu\/books\/paperback\/9780691138541\/the-difference<\/a>
\n\u0661\u0667-https:\/\/ar.m.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u0622\u0644\u0629_\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0645\u0627
\n\u0661\u0668-https:\/\/hbr.org\/2018\/01\/how-and-where-diversity-drives-financial-performance<\/a><\/h5>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a:\u00a0<\/strong>
\nhttps:\/\/theconversation.com\/why-our-brains-see-the-world-as-us-versus-them-98661#comments-container<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Why our brains see the world as ‘us’ versus ‘them’ \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u00a0\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0644\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0629\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0648\u062b \u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u00a0\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 Title IX\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a \u060c affirmative action …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":3401,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3837","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-19"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3837","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3837"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3837\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3844,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3837\/revisions\/3844"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3401"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3837"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3837"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3837"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}