{"id":36174,"date":"2026-08-21T21:34:10","date_gmt":"2026-08-21T18:34:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=36174"},"modified":"2026-08-21T21:34:10","modified_gmt":"2026-08-21T18:34:10","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%83%d8%aa%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a4%d8%b1%d8%ae%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d8%ad%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-8-%d8%a8%d9%82%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=36174","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 (8) \u2013 \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u2022 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2022 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u062a. \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0633 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0638\u064e \u0628\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0648\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631. \u0648\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 33 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0634\u0647\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u063a\u0645\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u064f\u062c\u0631 \u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629\u061f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629\u061f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639: \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644:\u00a0https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=36109<\/a>
\n\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a:\u00a0https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=36121<\/a>
\n\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b:\u00a0https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=36129<\/a>
\n\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639:\u00a0https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=36134<\/a>
\n\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633:\u00a0https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=36149<\/a>
\n\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633:\u00a0https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=36157<\/a>
\n\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0639: https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=36166<\/a><\/h5>\n
\"\"
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong>
\n\u2022 Daniel T. Potts\u060c The Arabian Gulf in Antiquity.
\n\u2022 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 Farouk Omar\u060c Urban Centres in the Gulf during the Early Islamic Period.
\n\u2022 \u0623\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 Majde Gauod\u060c The Early Islamic Archaeology of the Dammam Region in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia (2024).
\n\u2022 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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