{"id":3347,"date":"2019-08-17T22:21:12","date_gmt":"2019-08-17T19:21:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=3347"},"modified":"2019-08-17T22:24:10","modified_gmt":"2019-08-17T19:24:10","slug":"%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%b9%d8%a7%d8%af%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%b4%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%88%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=3347","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 – \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a*"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647. \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 (Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck (5 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 (Lamarckism (6\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0630\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062c\u0623\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0630\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645.<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 Soft Inheritance \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0623\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b.<\/p>\n

\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1831 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u063a\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u063a\u0644 (7) The Voyage of the Beagle\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

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\n\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0637\u062a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u062b\u0645 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0636\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062a \u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a (8) Natural Selection. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642. \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 (\u0625\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a).<\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064f\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a (Cambrian Explosion (14 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0636\u0639\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u0647\u0644\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0627\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0639 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0647. \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u0625\u0633\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u062a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a.<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a (Angraecum sesquipedale (15 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0643\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u063a\u0634\u0642\u0631. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062c\u0628 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0632\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0640 30 \u0633\u0645. \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0647\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u062d \u0632\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1862\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0634\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0628\u0648\u0623\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1903\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0634\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 Morgan’s sphinx moth \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646 (16).<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0644\u0643\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0627\u062a, \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0621\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0628\u0624\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0622\u064a\u0646\u0634\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017 \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 Gravitational waves \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 General Theory of Relativity \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1916\u060c \u0623\u064a 101 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0621\u0629 (17).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0643\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u064a\u0635\u0648\u063a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0648\u063a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0635\u0627\u063a\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0649.<\/span><\/p>\n

*\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645<\/span><\/p>\n

____________________________________<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0625\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 (\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0642\u064a) \u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0632\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0645\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n
  2. \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0643\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 610 \u0648 546 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062a\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639.
    \nhttps:\/\/www.famousscientists.org\/anaximander\/<\/a><\/li>\n
  3. \u0623\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 490 \u0648 430 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u064a\u062b\u0627\u063a\u0648\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0628\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d.
    \n    https:\/\/www.iep.utm.edu\/empedocl\/<\/a><\/li>\n
  4. \u0632\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0642 \u0632\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 369 \u0648 286 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646.
    \n    https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/biography\/Zhuangzi<\/a><\/li>\n
  5. \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 1744 \u0648 1829\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629
    \n    https:\/\/ucmp.berkeley.edu\/history\/lamarck.html<\/a><\/li>\n
  6. https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/topics\/agricultural-and-biological-sciences\/lamarckism<\/a><\/li>\n
  7. http:\/\/darwin-online.org.uk\/BeagleLibrary\/Beagle_Library_Introduction.htm<\/a><\/li>\n
  8. https:\/\/evolution.berkeley.edu\/evolibrary\/article\/evo_25<\/a><\/li>\n
  9. \u062a\u062c\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0635\u062e\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645
    \n\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0646\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u0636\u0648\u062c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0633 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631.<\/li>\n
  10. \u063a\u0631\u064a\u063a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0646\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 1822 \u0648 1884\u0645 \u064a\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0629
    \n\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627.
    \n    https:\/\/www.nature.com\/scitable\/topicpage\/gregor-mendel-a-private-scientist-6618227\/<\/a><\/li>\n
  11. \u0647\u064a\u0648\u063a\u0648 \u062f\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 1848 \u0648 1935\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a.
    \n    https:\/\/biography.yourdictionary.com\/hugo-de-vries<\/a><\/li>\n
  12. \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 1824 \u06481907\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642.
    \n    https:\/\/digital.nls.uk\/scientists\/biographies\/lord-kelvin\/<\/a><\/li>\n
  13. https:\/\/scienceblogs.com\/startswithabang\/2009\/04\/17\/battle-of-the-beards-darwin-vs<\/a><\/li>\n
  14. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 600 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f 540 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u0628\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621.
    \n    https:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wgbh\/evolution\/library\/03\/4\/l_034_02.html<\/a><\/li>\n
  15. https:\/\/www.orchidweb.com\/orchids\/angraecoid\/species\/angraecum-sesquipedale-darwins-orchid<\/a><\/li>\n
  16. https:\/\/io9.gizmodo.com\/darwin-predicted-this-animals-existence-decades-before-1703223208<\/a><\/li>\n
  17. https:\/\/spaceplace.nasa.gov\/gravitational-waves\/en\/<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

     <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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