{"id":33009,"date":"2026-01-02T00:54:10","date_gmt":"2026-01-01T21:54:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=33009"},"modified":"2026-01-02T00:54:10","modified_gmt":"2026-01-01T21:54:10","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%b3%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%a8-%d8%aa%d9%82%d9%84%d8%b5-%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%88%d8%aa%d8%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=33009","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629 – \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"

Young people\u2019s social worlds are \u2018thinning\u2019 \u2013 here\u2019s how that\u2019s affecting wellbeing
\n(\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u062e\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u062c \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 – Eamon McCrory and Ritika Chokhani)<\/span>
\n[\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0636\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0648\u0627]<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0636\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0642:<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a.<\/span>
\n\u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u062a\u064a\u0646.<\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a. \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0647.<\/span>
\n\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633. <\/span>
\n\u0648\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0622\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629. <\/span>
\n\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646.<\/span>
\n\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

( \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 )<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2014 \u06482024\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 16 \u064824 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0646 19% \u0625\u0644\u0649 26%.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 1.6 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0628 – \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064d \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0621 \u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 18 \u0645\u0631\u0629 – \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0642\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a) \u062c\u0632\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a) \u0622\u062e\u0630\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631(1)<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0644\u062f (Nuffield Foundation).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0634\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a(2)<\/sup> (social thinning)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u0645 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a) \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0626\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062e\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0646\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a (Eamon McCrory) \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0645\u0636\u0649 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0647 \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064d\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0636\u062c\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a\u0629) \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647(3)<\/sup>\u060c <\/span>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062b\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u063a\u0644\u062a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629).<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062c\u0630\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629. \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0632\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0633\u062f\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0651\u0641\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

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\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n\u064a\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0629. \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0622\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u064a\u062f (Anna Freud) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u062c\u0631\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0629: \u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0648\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n

[\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627].<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:
\n1- https:\/\/www.nuffieldfoundation.org\/evidence-and-impact\/our-programmes\/grown-up\/social-thinning-in-a-digital-age-the-case-for-rebuilding-the-social-foundations-of-adolescence
\n2- https:\/\/www.thelancet.com\/journals\/lanpsy\/article\/PIIS2215-0366(22)00202-4\/abstract
\n3- https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nrn3313
\n4- https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/36256870\/
\n5- https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/07435584221111121?
\n6- https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC10276262\/
\n7- https:\/\/www.centreforyounglives.org.uk\/play-commission<\/h5>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633:
\nhttps:\/\/theconversation.com\/young-peoples-social-worlds-are-thinning-heres-how-thats-affecting-wellbeing-272111<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"
\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u064a<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Young people\u2019s social worlds are \u2018thinning\u2019 \u2013 here\u2019s how that\u2019s affecting wellbeing (\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u062e\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f\u062c \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 – Eamon McCrory and Ritika Chokhani) [\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0636\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0648\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":33012,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37,19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-33009","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-37","category-19"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33009","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=33009"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33009\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33014,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33009\/revisions\/33014"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/33012"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=33009"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=33009"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=33009"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}