{"id":32372,"date":"2025-11-30T22:23:47","date_gmt":"2025-11-30T19:23:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=32372"},"modified":"2026-02-07T15:15:10","modified_gmt":"2026-02-07T12:15:10","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%b7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b6%d9%8a-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d8%a8%d9%8e%d9%91%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%8a%d9%8e%d9%91%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%b2%d8%a1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=32372","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) &#8211; \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0643\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong><span 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\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 ) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0636\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32373\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32373\" style=\"width: 520px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32373\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/\u064a1-300x190.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"520\" height=\"329\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/\u064a1-300x190.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/\u064a1-150x95.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/\u064a1.jpg 575w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32373\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0651\u064e\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"> \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629: &#8211;<\/span><\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 <\/span><\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0645 (1381\u0647\u0640 \/ 1960\u0645) \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u063a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062f\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 &#8220;\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641&#8221;. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629: &#8211;<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0645 &#8221; \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u062f \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631 &#8221; \u060c <\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642. \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646<span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><sup>(1)<\/sup><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">.<\/span><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f &#8220;\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0622\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32437\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32437\" style=\"width: 451px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32437\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/d6463f3a-26ae-4b63-8cb8-15ee367a5566-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"451\" height=\"254\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/d6463f3a-26ae-4b63-8cb8-15ee367a5566-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/d6463f3a-26ae-4b63-8cb8-15ee367a5566-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/d6463f3a-26ae-4b63-8cb8-15ee367a5566-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/d6463f3a-26ae-4b63-8cb8-15ee367a5566-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/d6463f3a-26ae-4b63-8cb8-15ee367a5566-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/d6463f3a-26ae-4b63-8cb8-15ee367a5566.jpg 1599w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 451px) 100vw, 451px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32437\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32438\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32438\" style=\"width: 451px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32438\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/fe89219f-0c11-4476-bc95-edf968c5046b-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"451\" height=\"254\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/fe89219f-0c11-4476-bc95-edf968c5046b-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/fe89219f-0c11-4476-bc95-edf968c5046b-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/fe89219f-0c11-4476-bc95-edf968c5046b-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/fe89219f-0c11-4476-bc95-edf968c5046b-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/fe89219f-0c11-4476-bc95-edf968c5046b-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/fe89219f-0c11-4476-bc95-edf968c5046b.jpg 1599w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 451px) 100vw, 451px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32438\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642:<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0645\u062f\u0648\u062d&#8221;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0636\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f&#8221; <\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0632\u064a.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0646\u0628\u064a\u0644 &#8220;.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0643\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u064a &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f &#8220;.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 &#8220;.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a &#8220;.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0622\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 &#8220;\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f&#8221;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0622\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0641\u0639 <\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0628\u0644 &#8220;\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a&#8221;.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0644\u0624\u064a&#8221;.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631 &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a &#8220;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 &#8220;\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642&#8221;.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d &#8220;\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0633\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a&#8221;.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0643\u062a<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0645<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646:<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u062f &#8220;.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0622\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u062f\u0648\u0646.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 &#8220;\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631&#8221;.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32439 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/e05e0c79-1f5f-42c3-a750-ef55921bf16d-300x179.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"298\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/e05e0c79-1f5f-42c3-a750-ef55921bf16d-300x179.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/e05e0c79-1f5f-42c3-a750-ef55921bf16d-150x89.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/e05e0c79-1f5f-42c3-a750-ef55921bf16d-768x457.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/e05e0c79-1f5f-42c3-a750-ef55921bf16d.jpg 885w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f &#8211; \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0632\u064a &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 &#8211; \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 &#8211; \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 &#8221; &#8211; \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631 &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a &#8220;).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32440\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32440\" style=\"width: 304px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32440\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646-244x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"304\" height=\"374\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646-244x300.jpg 244w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646-122x150.jpg 122w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646.jpg 446w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 304px) 100vw, 304px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32440\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u064a &#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u0644\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32441\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32441\" style=\"width: 453px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32441\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/fd8db62c-52f6-4c55-97c6-a87e02d53138-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"453\" height=\"255\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/fd8db62c-52f6-4c55-97c6-a87e02d53138-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/fd8db62c-52f6-4c55-97c6-a87e02d53138-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/fd8db62c-52f6-4c55-97c6-a87e02d53138-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/fd8db62c-52f6-4c55-97c6-a87e02d53138-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/fd8db62c-52f6-4c55-97c6-a87e02d53138-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/fd8db62c-52f6-4c55-97c6-a87e02d53138.jpg 1599w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 453px) 100vw, 453px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32441\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628)\u060c<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32443\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32443\" style=\"width: 302px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32443\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/6db93da9-c846-43d7-9666-8bee687b1b32-196x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"302\" height=\"462\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/6db93da9-c846-43d7-9666-8bee687b1b32-196x300.jpg 196w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/6db93da9-c846-43d7-9666-8bee687b1b32-669x1024.jpg 669w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/6db93da9-c846-43d7-9666-8bee687b1b32-98x150.jpg 98w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/6db93da9-c846-43d7-9666-8bee687b1b32-768x1176.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/6db93da9-c846-43d7-9666-8bee687b1b32-1003x1536.jpg 1003w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/6db93da9-c846-43d7-9666-8bee687b1b32.jpg 1045w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 302px) 100vw, 302px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32443\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 10pt;\">\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 <\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32445\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32445\" style=\"width: 503px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32445 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/8b689924-9ea3-44b7-8d00-c6b6543348ae-300x208.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"503\" height=\"349\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/8b689924-9ea3-44b7-8d00-c6b6543348ae-300x208.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/8b689924-9ea3-44b7-8d00-c6b6543348ae-150x104.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/8b689924-9ea3-44b7-8d00-c6b6543348ae-768x532.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/8b689924-9ea3-44b7-8d00-c6b6543348ae-110x75.jpg 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/8b689924-9ea3-44b7-8d00-c6b6543348ae.jpg 898w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 503px) 100vw, 503px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32445\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\">(\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646): 1- \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644 2- \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 3- \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0632\u064a 4- \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f 5- \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f 6- \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 7- \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 8- \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0640 &#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a &#8221; 9- \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\">(\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646): 10- \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645&#8221; 11- \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32446\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32446\" style=\"width: 504px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32446\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/b1bef1c5-eeab-4a65-adc5-b7c048862b4b-300x207.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"504\" height=\"348\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/b1bef1c5-eeab-4a65-adc5-b7c048862b4b-300x207.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/b1bef1c5-eeab-4a65-adc5-b7c048862b4b-150x104.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/b1bef1c5-eeab-4a65-adc5-b7c048862b4b-768x530.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/b1bef1c5-eeab-4a65-adc5-b7c048862b4b-110x75.jpg 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/b1bef1c5-eeab-4a65-adc5-b7c048862b4b.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 504px) 100vw, 504px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32446\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\">(\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646): 1- \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a\u064a 2- \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064a 3- \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 4-\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0628\u064a 5- \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 6- \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f 7- \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0635.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\">(\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646): 8- \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a 9- \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644 10- \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 11- \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0643\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u064a &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f &#8220;.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32447\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32447\" style=\"width: 499px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32447\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/62d35a55-b836-4730-b3c4-3ba7593a6e5c-300x205.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"499\" height=\"341\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/62d35a55-b836-4730-b3c4-3ba7593a6e5c-300x205.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/62d35a55-b836-4730-b3c4-3ba7593a6e5c-150x102.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/62d35a55-b836-4730-b3c4-3ba7593a6e5c-768x524.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/62d35a55-b836-4730-b3c4-3ba7593a6e5c-110x75.jpg 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/62d35a55-b836-4730-b3c4-3ba7593a6e5c.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 499px) 100vw, 499px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32447\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\">(\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646): 1- \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0645 3- \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 &#8211; 4- \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u0640 &#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062c\u064a &#8221; 5- \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0628\u064a 6-\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064a 7- \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0633<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\">(\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646): 8- \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0627\u0646 &#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645 &#8221; 9- \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 9- \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 &#8220;\u064a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644&#8221; 10- \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32448\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32448\" style=\"width: 508px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32448\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/07b6db37-fead-44fc-9d0c-d2ef78aac9b5-300x211.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"508\" height=\"357\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/07b6db37-fead-44fc-9d0c-d2ef78aac9b5-300x211.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/07b6db37-fead-44fc-9d0c-d2ef78aac9b5-150x106.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/07b6db37-fead-44fc-9d0c-d2ef78aac9b5-768x541.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/07b6db37-fead-44fc-9d0c-d2ef78aac9b5.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 508px) 100vw, 508px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32448\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\">(\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646): 1- \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 2- \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 3- \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 4- \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 5- \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0635 5- \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\">(\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646): 6- \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631 &#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a &#8221; <\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\">7- \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 8- \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\">9- \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0640 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a&#8221; 10- \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0628\u0644 11- \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32449\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32449\" style=\"width: 502px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32449\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/9c41fbc9-6bb5-4ae9-99dd-d2579495cef8-300x192.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"502\" height=\"321\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/9c41fbc9-6bb5-4ae9-99dd-d2579495cef8-300x192.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/9c41fbc9-6bb5-4ae9-99dd-d2579495cef8-150x96.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/9c41fbc9-6bb5-4ae9-99dd-d2579495cef8-768x492.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/9c41fbc9-6bb5-4ae9-99dd-d2579495cef8.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 502px) 100vw, 502px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32449\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\">(\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646): 1-\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u064a 2- \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0631 3- \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0622\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0641\u0639 4- \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f 5- \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 6\u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 7- \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0636\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f. (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064b\u0627): 8- \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0646\u062e\u0646\u062e 9 &#8211; \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628<strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><sup>(2)<\/sup><\/span><\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0621\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064d \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0623\u0633\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0648\u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0650\u0631\u064e\u0642 \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0634\u060c \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0647\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u064a\u0644. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32442\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32442\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32442\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/f80d87d9-0d78-4dd2-85a5-f954fd62c855-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"282\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/f80d87d9-0d78-4dd2-85a5-f954fd62c855-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/f80d87d9-0d78-4dd2-85a5-f954fd62c855-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/f80d87d9-0d78-4dd2-85a5-f954fd62c855-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/f80d87d9-0d78-4dd2-85a5-f954fd62c855-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/f80d87d9-0d78-4dd2-85a5-f954fd62c855-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/f80d87d9-0d78-4dd2-85a5-f954fd62c855.jpg 1599w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32442\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u2013 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u2013 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0645\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647<strong><sup>(3)<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32450\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32450\" style=\"width: 501px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/9d0abf16-b55a-4d62-8ac5-7f6214f4e3b8-300x179.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"501\" height=\"299\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/9d0abf16-b55a-4d62-8ac5-7f6214f4e3b8-300x179.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/9d0abf16-b55a-4d62-8ac5-7f6214f4e3b8-150x90.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/9d0abf16-b55a-4d62-8ac5-7f6214f4e3b8-768x458.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/9d0abf16-b55a-4d62-8ac5-7f6214f4e3b8.jpg 933w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 501px) 100vw, 501px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32450\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0622\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f &#8221; \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0623\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32451\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32451\" style=\"width: 502px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32451\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/1f89c84c-8a90-4050-b00b-e7406395fcac-300x207.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"502\" height=\"346\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/1f89c84c-8a90-4050-b00b-e7406395fcac-300x207.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/1f89c84c-8a90-4050-b00b-e7406395fcac-150x104.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/1f89c84c-8a90-4050-b00b-e7406395fcac-768x531.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/1f89c84c-8a90-4050-b00b-e7406395fcac-110x75.jpg 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/1f89c84c-8a90-4050-b00b-e7406395fcac.jpg 899w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 502px) 100vw, 502px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32451\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641\u060c<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0648\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0622\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u2013 \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u2013 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a) \u0648\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0622\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0622\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u2013 \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u2013.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32452\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32452\" style=\"width: 530px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32452\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/68865b75-21a8-4b29-9084-da4dbaef677b-300x206.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"530\" height=\"364\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/68865b75-21a8-4b29-9084-da4dbaef677b-300x206.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/68865b75-21a8-4b29-9084-da4dbaef677b-150x103.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/68865b75-21a8-4b29-9084-da4dbaef677b-768x528.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/68865b75-21a8-4b29-9084-da4dbaef677b-110x75.jpg 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/68865b75-21a8-4b29-9084-da4dbaef677b.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 530px) 100vw, 530px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32452\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 3 \u0625\u0644\u0649 4 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0648 \u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a \u060c \u0635\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646<strong><sup>(4)<\/sup><\/strong>.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d <\/span><\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0651\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0645&#8221;\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d&#8221;. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0651\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0651 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f &#8220;\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f&#8221;. \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0632\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0648\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644&#8221;\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0633\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u062e \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0636\u0641\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32453\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32453\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32453\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/6cfcf9b1-7d16-4d3b-ba29-93c860b0881f-300x176.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"293\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/6cfcf9b1-7d16-4d3b-ba29-93c860b0881f-300x176.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/6cfcf9b1-7d16-4d3b-ba29-93c860b0881f-150x88.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/6cfcf9b1-7d16-4d3b-ba29-93c860b0881f-768x450.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/6cfcf9b1-7d16-4d3b-ba29-93c860b0881f.jpg 918w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32453\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0633\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0636\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f \u2013 \u062d\u0641\u0638\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647-.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32454\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32454\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-32454\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0ccdcd02-095a-4fb1-a3b2-499282fdc2cf-300x258.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"258\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0ccdcd02-095a-4fb1-a3b2-499282fdc2cf-300x258.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0ccdcd02-095a-4fb1-a3b2-499282fdc2cf-150x129.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0ccdcd02-095a-4fb1-a3b2-499282fdc2cf.jpg 614w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32454\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32455\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32455\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-32455\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ba518040-967a-4842-8736-05af9bd046cf-300x187.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"187\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ba518040-967a-4842-8736-05af9bd046cf-300x187.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ba518040-967a-4842-8736-05af9bd046cf-150x93.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ba518040-967a-4842-8736-05af9bd046cf-768x479.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ba518040-967a-4842-8736-05af9bd046cf.jpg 860w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32455\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627\u060c <strong>\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a (A):<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. <strong>\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0643\u062a &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 &#8221; &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0637 &#8221; \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 &#8221; \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0641\u0639 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u2013 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0643\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u0633 &#8211; \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u062d \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u064a\u0641 &#8212; \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f &#8220;\u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0643\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639&#8221; &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0624\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 &#8220;\u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0643\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633&#8221; \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0622\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u2013 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631 &#8211; \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 &#8211; \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0641\u0639 &#8211; \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (B):<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0629. <\/span><br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0648\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">(\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f &#8211; \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 &#8211; \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0643\u062a \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u2013 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u2013 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0632 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 &#8221; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0634\u0627\u062a &#8221; \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u2013 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 &#8211; \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062f \u2013 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a).<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32456\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32456\" style=\"width: 508px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32456\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0b5c81a7-cccc-4763-9d96-baf2a96dc61b-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"508\" height=\"286\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0b5c81a7-cccc-4763-9d96-baf2a96dc61b-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0b5c81a7-cccc-4763-9d96-baf2a96dc61b-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0b5c81a7-cccc-4763-9d96-baf2a96dc61b-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0b5c81a7-cccc-4763-9d96-baf2a96dc61b-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0b5c81a7-cccc-4763-9d96-baf2a96dc61b-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0b5c81a7-cccc-4763-9d96-baf2a96dc61b.jpg 1599w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 508px) 100vw, 508px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32456\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646) \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u2013 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u064a\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u064a\u0641).<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32457\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32457\" style=\"width: 233px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-32457\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/5c9b4eba-d4c8-4a30-a2fa-8f23b94303c5-233x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"233\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/5c9b4eba-d4c8-4a30-a2fa-8f23b94303c5-233x300.jpg 233w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/5c9b4eba-d4c8-4a30-a2fa-8f23b94303c5-117x150.jpg 117w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/5c9b4eba-d4c8-4a30-a2fa-8f23b94303c5.jpg 442w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 233px) 100vw, 233px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32457\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u062d \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32458\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32458\" style=\"width: 226px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-32458\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/dee8eeff-2f42-409d-b016-15ae76df0def-226x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"226\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/dee8eeff-2f42-409d-b016-15ae76df0def-226x300.jpg 226w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/dee8eeff-2f42-409d-b016-15ae76df0def-113x150.jpg 113w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/dee8eeff-2f42-409d-b016-15ae76df0def.jpg 423w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 226px) 100vw, 226px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32458\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0643\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u062d.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0638\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32459\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32459\" style=\"width: 502px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32459\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/dc27fd97-4278-43b1-9270-bfe80c96c6c6-300x186.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"502\" height=\"311\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/dc27fd97-4278-43b1-9270-bfe80c96c6c6-300x186.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/dc27fd97-4278-43b1-9270-bfe80c96c6c6-150x93.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/dc27fd97-4278-43b1-9270-bfe80c96c6c6-768x476.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/dc27fd97-4278-43b1-9270-bfe80c96c6c6.jpg 869w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 502px) 100vw, 502px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32459\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628&#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0645\u062f\u0648\u062d&#8221; \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645 \u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064f\u0641\u0651&#8221; \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0631\u0628. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0634\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8221; \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u0643 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32460\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32460\" style=\"width: 500px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32460\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/45ae1a1c-9f33-4054-be88-861452dedc0e-300x215.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"358\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/45ae1a1c-9f33-4054-be88-861452dedc0e-300x215.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/45ae1a1c-9f33-4054-be88-861452dedc0e-150x108.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/45ae1a1c-9f33-4054-be88-861452dedc0e-768x550.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/45ae1a1c-9f33-4054-be88-861452dedc0e.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32460\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a <\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a&#8221; \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0641&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a: &#8211;<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 &#8220;\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642&#8221;.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0643\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u064a<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0624\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0622\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u064a\u0633.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u062d<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0622\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0633\u0637 &#8220;\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644&#8221; \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0641\u0639.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0632\u064a.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0632\u064a<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u064a\u0643\u064a.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u064a\u0643\u064a<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0641\u0639.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0644.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u064a<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0622\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0644 <\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u062d\u064a<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0622\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0632<strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><sup>(5)<\/sup><\/span><\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0641\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32463\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32463\" style=\"width: 501px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32463\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/78312316-5bec-403f-be05-0f4033e03e38-300x194.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"501\" height=\"324\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/78312316-5bec-403f-be05-0f4033e03e38-300x194.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/78312316-5bec-403f-be05-0f4033e03e38-150x97.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/78312316-5bec-403f-be05-0f4033e03e38-768x496.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/78312316-5bec-403f-be05-0f4033e03e38.jpg 898w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 501px) 100vw, 501px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32463\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-32464 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/741ba392-74b7-44e9-bd6b-db9de9774717-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"506\" height=\"285\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/741ba392-74b7-44e9-bd6b-db9de9774717-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/741ba392-74b7-44e9-bd6b-db9de9774717-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/741ba392-74b7-44e9-bd6b-db9de9774717-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/741ba392-74b7-44e9-bd6b-db9de9774717-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/741ba392-74b7-44e9-bd6b-db9de9774717-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/741ba392-74b7-44e9-bd6b-db9de9774717.jpg 1599w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 506px) 100vw, 506px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-32465 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/f081b577-69a0-4f62-b222-366749c7ffa9-300x203.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"338\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/f081b577-69a0-4f62-b222-366749c7ffa9-300x203.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/f081b577-69a0-4f62-b222-366749c7ffa9-150x102.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/f081b577-69a0-4f62-b222-366749c7ffa9-768x521.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/f081b577-69a0-4f62-b222-366749c7ffa9-110x75.jpg 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/f081b577-69a0-4f62-b222-366749c7ffa9.jpg 898w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14px;\">\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\"> (\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646): 1- \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 2\u2013 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 3\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f 4\u2013 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631 5\u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0644 6\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0639\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f. <\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #0000ff;\">(\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646): 7- \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 8\u2013 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 9\u2013 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u064a\u0643\u064a 10\u2013 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0632\u064a 11- \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0641\u0639..<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32468\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32468\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-32468\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/e06d1a9c-0600-427d-9fff-1156c6785a59-300x188.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"188\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/e06d1a9c-0600-427d-9fff-1156c6785a59-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/e06d1a9c-0600-427d-9fff-1156c6785a59-150x94.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/e06d1a9c-0600-427d-9fff-1156c6785a59-768x481.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/e06d1a9c-0600-427d-9fff-1156c6785a59.jpg 860w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32468\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0622\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32467\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32467\" style=\"width: 506px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32467\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ade83ff3-7526-48c4-87c4-2f50350d012a-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"506\" height=\"285\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ade83ff3-7526-48c4-87c4-2f50350d012a-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ade83ff3-7526-48c4-87c4-2f50350d012a-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ade83ff3-7526-48c4-87c4-2f50350d012a-150x84.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ade83ff3-7526-48c4-87c4-2f50350d012a-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ade83ff3-7526-48c4-87c4-2f50350d012a-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/ade83ff3-7526-48c4-87c4-2f50350d012a.jpg 1599w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 506px) 100vw, 506px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32467\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a &#8221; \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0641\u0639 &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f &#8221; \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0644 &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u064a&#8221;) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32469 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/7cdededc-de30-422a-bec0-9d200d8405ab-256x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"586\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/7cdededc-de30-422a-bec0-9d200d8405ab-256x300.jpg 256w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/7cdededc-de30-422a-bec0-9d200d8405ab-128x150.jpg 128w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/7cdededc-de30-422a-bec0-9d200d8405ab.jpg 731w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0641<\/span><\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0641\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0636\u0645\u0651 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0637\u0631\u0623 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32470\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32470\" style=\"width: 503px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32470\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/48a5e62c-cb08-4413-874d-2ad667e3bbf4-300x191.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"503\" height=\"320\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/48a5e62c-cb08-4413-874d-2ad667e3bbf4-300x191.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/48a5e62c-cb08-4413-874d-2ad667e3bbf4-150x96.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/48a5e62c-cb08-4413-874d-2ad667e3bbf4-768x490.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/48a5e62c-cb08-4413-874d-2ad667e3bbf4.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 503px) 100vw, 503px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32470\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a <\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062d\u0636\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u064f\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0637\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a: \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u063a\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0635\u063a\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641\u060c <strong>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">&#8211; \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 (1394\u0647\u0640 \/ 1974\u0645) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a 2-2. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644&#8221; \u0648 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0633\u064a&#8221; \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629<sup>(6)<\/sup>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0648\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646:<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649:<\/strong> \u0623\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0628\u0641\u0648\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0621\u060c \u0633\u062c\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0641\u0639.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0623\u064f\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0644.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32473\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32473\" style=\"width: 331px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32473\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/b781eb3f-495f-4268-a9f7-78dcabee1235-227x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"331\" height=\"438\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/b781eb3f-495f-4268-a9f7-78dcabee1235-227x300.jpg 227w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/b781eb3f-495f-4268-a9f7-78dcabee1235-776x1024.jpg 776w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/b781eb3f-495f-4268-a9f7-78dcabee1235-114x150.jpg 114w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/b781eb3f-495f-4268-a9f7-78dcabee1235-768x1013.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/b781eb3f-495f-4268-a9f7-78dcabee1235-1164x1536.jpg 1164w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/b781eb3f-495f-4268-a9f7-78dcabee1235.jpg 1213w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 331px) 100vw, 331px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32473\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 10pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0645\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32474\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32474\" style=\"width: 551px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32474\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/f4cd1e52-5aff-4066-858c-283988f93dc9-300x189.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"551\" height=\"347\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/f4cd1e52-5aff-4066-858c-283988f93dc9-300x189.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/f4cd1e52-5aff-4066-858c-283988f93dc9-150x95.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/f4cd1e52-5aff-4066-858c-283988f93dc9-768x484.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/f4cd1e52-5aff-4066-858c-283988f93dc9.jpg 898w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 551px) 100vw, 551px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32474\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 10pt;\">\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 &#8211; \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0649\u00a0-.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640\u0640<br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">(1)<\/span><\/strong> \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 &#8220;\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u064a\u0631&#8221; \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0622\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0645 &#8221; \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a \u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 &#8220;\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642&#8221; \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0643\u0651\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0622\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u064a \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642.<br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">(2)<\/span><\/strong> \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \/ \u0645\u064a\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 &#8221; \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f &#8221; \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 30-5 -1447\u0647\u0640\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 <strong>\u0648\u0647\u0645:<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> (\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0622\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u2013 \u0639\u064a\u0633\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u062d \u2013 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062d\u0648\u0632\u064a \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u2013 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631).<br \/>\n<strong>\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0633:<\/strong> (\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u2013 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u2013 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632\u0648\u0642 \u2013 \u0645\u064a\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u2013 \u0645\u064a\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0647 \u2013 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0645).<br \/>\n<strong>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0628:<\/strong> (\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064a \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u2013 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u2013 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0646\u062e\u0646\u062e \u2013 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a \u2013 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u2013 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0641\u0627\u0635 \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f).<br \/>\n<strong>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0629:<\/strong> ( \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u2013 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 &#8211; \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643).<br \/>\n<strong>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629:<\/strong> (\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u064a \u2013 \u0642\u0646\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u2013 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062c).<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0628\u064a:<\/strong> (\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 &#8220;\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0628\u064a&#8221;).<br \/>\n<strong>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/strong> \u0641\u0631\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a &#8220;\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u064a\u0644&#8221; \u2013 \u062c\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0633\u0639\u062f &#8220;\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0643&#8221; \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0646 &#8220;\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0645&#8221;).<br \/>\n<strong>\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645 (\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629) \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628.<br \/>\n<strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">(3)<\/span><\/strong> \u0623\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0645\u064a\u0631\u0632\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f&#8221; \u0623\u0646 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&#8220;\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f&#8221; &#8211; \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 &#8211; \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<br \/>\n\u0661- \u0628\u064a\u062a \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0641.<br \/>\n\u0662- \u0634\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u062f\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0633.<br \/>\n\u0663- \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0633.<br \/>\n\u0664- \u0628\u064a\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0622\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0641\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0628\u062c.<br \/>\n\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 ( 1386\u0647\u0640\/1964\u0645) \u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646 ( \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u2013 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 ) \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 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\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0641\u0639.<br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><strong>(6)<\/strong><\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a \u0625\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0637 \u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u064f\u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0646\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0645 ( 1394\u0647\u0640) \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 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aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32475\" style=\"width: 220px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-32475\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0bf9c5bf-717f-427a-b0fc-b1b8346a53ac-290x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"220\" height=\"228\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0bf9c5bf-717f-427a-b0fc-b1b8346a53ac-290x300.jpg 290w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0bf9c5bf-717f-427a-b0fc-b1b8346a53ac-145x150.jpg 145w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/0bf9c5bf-717f-427a-b0fc-b1b8346a53ac.jpg 498w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 220px) 100vw, 220px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32475\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f 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&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":32478,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,21],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32372","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-12","category-21"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32372","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=32372"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32372\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33434,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32372\/revisions\/33434"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/32478"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=32372"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=32372"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=32372"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}