{"id":30190,"date":"2025-07-26T00:27:14","date_gmt":"2025-07-25T21:27:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=30190"},"modified":"2025-07-26T00:27:14","modified_gmt":"2025-07-25T21:27:14","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%aa%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%84%d9%88%d9%86-%d9%85%d8%aa%d8%b4%d8%a7%d8%a8%d9%87%d9%88%d9%86-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d9%81%d9%83%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%87%d9%85-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=30190","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0647 – \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"

Optimists are alike, every pessimist has their own way
\n(\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0644 – Allison Parshall)<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u064b\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0643\u064a (Yanagisawa Kuniaki)\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629(1)<\/sup> \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 (PNAS)\u060c \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 “\u0622\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627(2)<\/sup> Anna Karenina” \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a (Leo Tolstoy)\u060c \u064a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u064b: “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0643\u064a (Yanagisawa Kuniaki)\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a: “\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628\u061f \u0623\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u063a\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 (\u0623\u0648 \u0631\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a) \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629)(3)<\/sup> \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a (\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a) \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629(4)<\/sup> \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u0636”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639 \u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a. “\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 87 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064e\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a (fMRI)” \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629(1)<\/sup> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 (PNAS)\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 “\u0622\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627” \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u064b: “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062b\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629”. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627: “\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0640 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644” \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649”.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u064a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u064b: “\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0640 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644” \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0629 [\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u063a\u0645 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a]. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0651\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0643\u062a\u064f\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u061f” \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629(5)<\/sup> \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 [\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629]. \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644: “\u0623\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635:
\n1- https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.2511101122
\n2- https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u0623\u0646\u0627_\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627_(\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629)
\n3- https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629_\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629
\n4- https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0647_(\u0639\u0644\u0645_\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641_\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621)
\n5- https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629_(\u0639\u0644\u0645_\u0646\u0641\u0633)<\/h5>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633:
\nhttps:\/\/www.scientificamerican.com\/article\/optimists-are-alike-but-pessimists-are-unique-bran-scan-study-suggests\/<\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"
\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u064a<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Optimists are alike, every pessimist has their own way (\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0627\u0644 – Allison Parshall) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u064b\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0635\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":30193,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[30,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30190","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-30","category-15"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30190","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=30190"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30190\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30195,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30190\/revisions\/30195"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/30193"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=30190"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=30190"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=30190"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}