{"id":29220,"date":"2025-05-30T09:30:45","date_gmt":"2025-05-30T06:30:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=29220"},"modified":"2025-05-31T09:46:43","modified_gmt":"2025-05-31T06:46:43","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%b2%d9%8a%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b2%d8%a8%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%82%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a1%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=29220","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0641 – \u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u064f\u0644\u0650\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u061f \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0641.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a\u061f \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u062f \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0644\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0641\u061f<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

1. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u2026 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

2. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u061f<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u062a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646:<\/span>
\n\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0642\u0637\u0629<\/span>
\n\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0629<\/span>
\n\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span>
\n\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0640\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644:<\/span>
\n\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0632 (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642)<\/span>
\n\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629)<\/span>
\n\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/span>
\n\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0630\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

3. \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0637 \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 (\u0628\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0637\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629) \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a:<\/span>
\n\u2022 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0632: \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0632 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u2022 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0632: \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u2022 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0632: \u064a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0648\u0644.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u062f.<\/span><\/p>\n

4. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u062f<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u064b\u0627” (biosurfactants)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/span>
\n\u2022 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629<\/span>
\n\u2022 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u062f) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b\u0647\u0627: \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0643\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629: \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u062f<\/strong><\/strong>
\n<\/strong>\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0647\u064a \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u062f\u060c \u0625\u0630\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0635\u0645\u062a\u061b \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0623 “\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0651\u062a” \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0628\u062f\u064d \u0647\u0634\u0651\u064d \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0642 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0648 \u0647\u0648 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u064d \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0651\u064d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639:<\/strong>
\n1. \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629:<\/strong>
\n\u2022 Reddy, C. A., & D\u2019Souza, T. M. (1994). “Physiological and molecular aspects of lignin degradation by white-rot fungi.” In FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 13(2\u20133), 137\u2013152.
\n[\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629.]\n\u2022 Singh, H. (2006). “Mycoremediation: Fungal Bioremediation.” Wiley-Interscience.
\n[\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629.]\n

2. \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647:<\/strong>
\n\u2022 Cullen, J. J., & Horrigan, S. G. (1981). “Effects of turbulence on nutrient uptake and growth in marine phytoplankton.” Deep Sea Research Part A.
\n[\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629.]\n\u2022 Hayward, T. L. (2000). “Foam and froth in the sea: Natural causes and ecological roles.” Oceanography, 13(3), 78\u201385.
\n[\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629.]\n

3. \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a:<\/strong>
\n\u2022 Alongi, D. M. (2002). “Present state and future of the world’s mangrove forests.” Environmental Conservation, 29(3), 331\u2013349.
\n[\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629.]\n\u2022 Kathiresan, K., & Bingham, B. L. (2001). “Biology of mangroves and mangrove ecosystems.” Advances in Marine Biology, 40, 81\u2013251.
\n[\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0641.]\n

4. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a (Biosurfactants):<\/strong>
\n\u2022 Banat, I. M., Franzetti, A., Gandolfi, I., et al. (2010). “Microbial biosurfactants production, applications and future potential.” Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 87(2), 427\u2013444.
\n[\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u062f.]\n

5. \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629:<\/strong>
\n\u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0639\u062f\u0646 (PERSGA).
\n\u2022 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 “\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0641” \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a.
\n\u2022 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628: “\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0626 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a” \u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u064f\u0644\u0650\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0634\u061f \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0641. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0636\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u063a\u0631\u0648\u0641\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0631\u063a\u0648\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0640”\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a”\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629. …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":29224,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29220","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-7","category-15"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29220","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29220"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29220\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29318,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29220\/revisions\/29318"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/29224"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29220"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29220"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29220"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}