{"id":28687,"date":"2025-04-22T21:26:14","date_gmt":"2025-04-22T18:26:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=28687"},"modified":"2025-04-22T21:26:14","modified_gmt":"2025-04-22T18:26:14","slug":"%d9%88%d9%85%d8%b6%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%83%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%a8-%d8%a5%d8%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%83-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b9%d9%86%d9%89-%d8%ad%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=28687","title":{"rendered":"\u0648\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628: \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649: \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629* \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0625\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628:\u00a0<\/strong><\/span>
\n“\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649: \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629”<\/span>
\n[Making Sense: Conversations on Consciousness, Morality, and the Future of Humanity]<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u062a\u0646\u0635\u0644:<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u064a\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/span>
\n\u0646\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0639 \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064d \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0651\u0627\u0621.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0648\u0646 Amazon:<\/span>
\n\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0632 A New York Times\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0628: \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627: \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0638 Waking Up\u201d \u0648 \u201c\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 The End of Faith\u201d \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0628\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647.<\/span>
\n\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0632 Richard Dawkins\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a The Selfish Gene: \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 Sam Harris \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0634\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0648\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0630\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u064f\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0636\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645.\u201d <\/span>
\n\u0648\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644: \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629.\u201d <\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u2014 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u2014 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 ” \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649” (Making Sense). \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u062f\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u2014 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u2014\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a\u0647. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u0639\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a.<\/span>
\n\u064a\u0636\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 (Making Sense)\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 Daniel Kahneman \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u062b\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0631 Timothy Snyder \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0645 Nick Bostrom \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u063a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a Glenn Loury \u060c \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u201c\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649\u201d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 Sam Harris \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u060c \u0635\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0628. \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f Stanford University \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 UCLA. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0663\u0660 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u062a\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627. \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0638 \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b.<\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0632 New York Times best sellers. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 PEN \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2005 \u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0634. \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647: <\/span>
\n1. \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 (The End of Faith)\u060c <\/span>
\n2. \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 (Letter to a Christian Nation)\u060c <\/span>
\n3. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a (The Moral Landscape)\u060c <\/span>
\n4. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629 (Free Will)\u060c <\/span>
\n5. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0630\u0628 (Lying)\u060c <\/span>
\n6. \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0638 (Waking Up)\u060c <\/span>
\n7. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u062d Islam and the Future of Tolerance (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0632 Maajid Nawaz)\u060c <\/span>
\n8. \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 (The Four Horsemen) (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0632 Richard Dawkins\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062a Daniel Dennett\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0646\u0632 Christopher Hitchens)\u060c <\/span>
\n9. \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 (Making Sense). <\/span>
\n\u0646\u064f\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 20 \u0644\u063a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644: \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0632 The New York Times\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0645 Time\u060c \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0643 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646 Scientific American\u060c \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0634\u0631 Nature\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u063a \u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 Rolling Stone\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0632 The Los Angeles Times\u060c \u0630\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0633\u062a The Economist\u060c \u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0645\u0632 The Times (\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646)\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0646 \u063a\u0644\u0648\u0628 The Boston Globe\u060c \u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0643 The Atlantic\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 Annals of Neurology\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0650\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 Making Sense\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 Apple \u0643\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u201ciTunes\u201d\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0628\u064a Webby \u0643\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0636**<\/span> (Blinkist) \u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u201c\u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062a\u201d<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629\u00a0\u0648\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c\u00a0\u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u00a0\u0648\u0647\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 – \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0632\u0631\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0633\u062a\u062c\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635. \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627: \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0623 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642.<\/span>
\n\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 – \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 – \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0633\u062e\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u060c \u0645\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/span>
\n\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 Making Sense\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 Sam Harris \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0643 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641:<\/span>
\n\u2022 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/span>
\n\u2022 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0648\u0647\u0645\u061b \u0648<\/span>
\n\u2022 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0661 – \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647: \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a\u061f<\/span>
\n\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 “\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633” \u0623\u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a” \u0623\u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629” \u0623\u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629”. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a – \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647.<\/span>
\n\u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0644 Thomas Nagel\u2019s \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0669\u0667\u0664\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0633\u0623\u0644: “\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0641\u0627\u0634\u064b\u0627\u061f” \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0648\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0647\u060c “\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646” \u0623\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646 \u062d\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 – \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0647 – \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u062a. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0643\u0623\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0643\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628.<\/span>
\n\u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644.<\/span>
\n\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632 David Chalmers \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0642\u0634\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639. \u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632: \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u061f \u0646\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u061f<\/span>
\n\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0632 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629” \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0646\u0627. \u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0649\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a. \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 – \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0646\u0627. \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0641\u0639\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645.<\/span>
\n\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f. \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u062b Anil Seth \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u061b \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0630\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623 \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0646\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644.<\/span>
\n\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0645\u0626\u0632\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644. \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0641\u0636 \u062c\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a.<\/span>
\n\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0627. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u061f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0662 – \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a – \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d “\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629”. \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0645\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627.<\/span>
\n\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u062b\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0626\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0627. \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621. \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0627.<\/span>
\n\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062c\u0632\u0645 \u064a\u0642\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0643\u0647\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u061f<\/span>
\n\u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629. \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 (\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a.<\/span>
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\n\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644: \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u061f<\/span>
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\n\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629\u061f \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0663 – \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0646\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 – \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u2013 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u064a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u061f \u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 – \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631.<\/span>
\n\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648 Milan University \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0640 \u201c\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0637\u0631\u0628\u201d\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646.<\/span>
\n\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0629 (TMS)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u064f\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0646\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635. \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u062f\u0644\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a.<\/span>
\n\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0630\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 – \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/span>
\n\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u061f \u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621. \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0641\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629: \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/span>
\n\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 Westworld\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0629.<\/span>
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\n\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f – \u0646\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u062f. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u064a\u062a\u0632\u064a\u0646\u062c\u0631 Thomas Metzinger \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0621. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0646\u0637\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 – \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u0646\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0633\u0646\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\n\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0644. \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0663\u0660 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0665\u0660 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0642\u0638\u062a\u0646\u0627. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0646\u062d\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062b\u0644\u062b\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0637\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627.<\/span>
\n\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0633\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0643 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645. \u062b\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0632\u0648\u062c\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627. \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 – \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 “\u0623\u0646\u0627” – \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0643.<\/span>
\n\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u064a\u062a\u0632\u064a\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627. \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 – \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0643 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u0643 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0628\u0627 \u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643 – \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631. \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627\u061f<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0645\u064a\u062a\u0633\u0646\u062c\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062f\u064a \u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0633 DMN-plus. \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0643\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0647. \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637 \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627. \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0646\u0627 – \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 – \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631.<\/span>
\n\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0633 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0645 \u0644\u0627. \u0648\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0665 – \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0638 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0633\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0638\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0623\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0647\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0633\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0645. \u0633\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u060c “\u0623\u0648\u0647\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062e\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a.” \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0647\u0645.<\/span>
\n\u062a\u0637\u0631\u062d \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0647\u0648: \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0629\u061f<\/span>
\n\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0623\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0633\u0643\u064a Robert Sapolsky \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0646\u0628 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0646\u0627 – \u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0626\u062a\u0646\u0627. \u062a\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/span>
\n\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0632 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 Charles Whitman\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 “\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0631\u062c \u062a\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0633”. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0631\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u064a\u0629. \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631.<\/span>
\n\u0641\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0643\u0636\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0646\u062d\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 – \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627.<\/span>
\n\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0647 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0628\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u061b \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0643\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u0641. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0644\u0644. \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0642\u062f \u0646\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644. \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0666 – \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0648\u062d\u0634\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0634\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0638\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f.<\/span>
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\n\u064a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a Glenn Loury \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627: ” \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636\u0629”.<\/span>
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\n\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062d\u0643\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/span>
\n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0643 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0647\u0627.<\/span>
\n\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0669\u0663\u0663\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062c\u0627\u062f\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0641\u062a\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0641 \u0647\u062a\u0644\u0631 Adolf Hitler \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062c\u0628\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a. \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0630\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0645\u0629. \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0645\u0629 “\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a” \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0623\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629. \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u063a\u0627\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0661\u0669\u0669\u0660\u0645\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0647\u0629 \u0631\u0623\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 Vladimir Putin \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u064a\u0645\u0644\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u0630\u064a\u0628. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0634\u064a\u0637\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 Donald Trump\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0647 \u0639\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0641\u0629” \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062a\u064a\u0645\u0648\u062b\u064a \u0633\u0646\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0631 Timothy Snyder\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644: \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0646\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627. \u0625\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0646\u0633\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062e\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0645\u0648\u062f\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0668 \u2013 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645\u0629:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\n\u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0635\u0627\u063a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0645 Nick Bostrom. \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0638 – \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u062d\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0646. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644: \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u061f<\/span>
\n\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0642\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0629. \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u062d\u0638\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0627\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0643 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0642\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0637\u0628\u062e \u062d\u0641\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0641\u061f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 “\u0642\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0647\u0644\u0629”\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0621: \u0634\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0633\u064a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u062f \u064a\u0631\u062a\u062f\u064a “\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629”\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0626\u0633\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646.<\/span>
\n\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0637\u0626 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0642\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0645\u0637\u0641\u0623\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0669 – \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u062a\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062e\u062a\u0643 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a\u061f<\/span>
\n\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0621\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643. \u062d\u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 – \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0647 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0635\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627. \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0632\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a – \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 – \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0646\u0627.<\/span>
\n\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0643 \u0633\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062e\u0637\u0623\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646”.<\/span>
\n\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d “\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646”\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 “\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f”. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d “\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646” \u0644\u0648\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642. \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u062e\u0631 – \u0648\u0623\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 – \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0646\u0627.<\/span>
\n\u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0629 – \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645.<\/span>
\n\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0628\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062d\u062f\u062b – \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0633\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0628 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u0623 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628 – \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u062a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0636\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 \u0661\u0660 – \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646\u064b\u0627:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629”\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641\u064b\u0627 – \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634 David Deutsch \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0647\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u2013 \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0643\u0647\u0627.<\/span>
\n\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647.<\/span>
\n\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621\u061f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u0621\u060c \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 – \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 – \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628. \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 – \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0642\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u0637: \u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645\u0647\u060c \u0641\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0646\u0627.<\/span>
\n\u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0645\u063a\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e. \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0631 David Krakauer \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642.<\/span>
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\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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*\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

**<\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0636 (Blinkist) \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

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