{"id":22751,"date":"2023-12-17T17:25:25","date_gmt":"2023-12-17T14:25:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=22751"},"modified":"2023-12-17T17:25:25","modified_gmt":"2023-12-17T14:25:25","slug":"%d8%af%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%81%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a8%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b2-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b0%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%b7%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%8a-%d8%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=22751","title":{"rendered":"\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a – \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647"},"content":{"rendered":"

?How Did Philosophy Help Develop Artificial Intelligence
\n(\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u0623\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0633\u0643\u064a – Antonio Panovski)<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645[1] \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a (Artificial Intelligence\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627: AI).<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u0648: “\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u061f”<\/strong>. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a \u062d\u0641\u0632\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0643\u064a\u0651\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Source: IStock<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0636\u0628 \u0644\u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0631\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648 (\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f) \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0634\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a:<\/span>
\n\u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648 (322 \u2013 384 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f)<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647.<\/span>
\n\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0639 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 (\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629). \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c. \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0646\u0634\u064a (1452 \u2013 1519)<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0646\u0634\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0646\u0634\u064a. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 – \u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629 – \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645.<\/span>
\n\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 (1623 \u2013 1662)<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644 (\u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647 18 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646.<\/span>
\n \"portrait<\/span>\u062c\u0648\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0632 (1646 \u2013 1716)<\/span><\/strong>
\n\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0632 \u0628\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0644. \u0622\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0632\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0623\u064a \u0631\u0642\u0645. \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0643\u0647\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631. \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u062a\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0632 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u063a\u0648\u062a: \u201c\u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u0648\u0639\u061f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0635\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a.<\/span>
\n\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0632 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a. \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"leibniz\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0632 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/span>
\n\u00a0<\/span>
\n\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a (1596 \u2013 1650) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0634\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u062b\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644. \u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644. \u0623\u0643\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a. \u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"rene<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 (mind)\u060c \u0623\u0648 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631” (res cogitans)\u060c \u0647\u0648 \u0634\u064a\u0621 (substance) \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a (immeterial) \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0627\u062a[2]. \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629” (dualism) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (materialism)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629” (problem of free will): \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u064a\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627. \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 (1561 \u2013 1626) “Novum Organum”\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0635\u062f \u0628\u0640 “\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629” \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629.<\/span>
\n\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0643 (1632 \u2013 1704): “\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0633”. \u0648\u0628\u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u0639\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u060c \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062f\u064a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0647\u064a\u0648\u0645 (1711-1776) \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621: \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/span>
\n \"john<\/span>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u062f\u0641\u064a\u063a \u0641\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0634\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0646 (1889 \u2013 1951)\u060c \u0637\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0628 (1891-1970)\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0646\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0628 \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u00bb (1928) \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u064b \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u061b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"0199<\/span>
\n\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a<\/strong><\/span>
\n\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648\u061f. \u0625\u0646\u0651 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0644 (George Boole)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 [\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a] \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 [1815-1864]\u061b \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\"\"<\/p>\n

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\n\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0637\u0648 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646[3].<\/span>
\n____
\n\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/strong>
\n[1] \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631:<\/strong> \u0623\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0643: “\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u061f”
\nhttps:\/\/www.thecollector.com\/philosophy-artificial-intelligence-development\/<\/p>\n[2] \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a (res cogitans) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644 (\u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u062d)\u060c \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0651\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 “\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u064a\u0641\u0643\u0631”. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064e\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631” (cogitans) \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0634\u064a\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062d\u0647 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629. (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645). \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631:
\nPatrick Bracken, & Philip Thomas (2022) \u201cTime to move beyond the mind-body split\u201d. MJ. 2002 Dec 21; 325(7378): 1433\u20131434. doi:\u00a010.1136\/bmj.325.7378.1433<\/p>\n[3] \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u062a\u0629\u061b \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0628 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645). \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 “\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0644” \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 “\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627”.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

?How Did Philosophy Help Develop Artificial Intelligence (\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u0623\u0646\u0637\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0633\u0643\u064a – Antonio Panovski) \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645[1] \u0646\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a (Artificial Intelligence\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627: AI). \u0644\u0639\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":12756,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22751","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-19"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22751","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=22751"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22751\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22756,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22751\/revisions\/22756"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12756"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=22751"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=22751"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=22751"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}