{"id":22442,"date":"2023-10-31T16:12:00","date_gmt":"2023-10-31T13:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=22442"},"modified":"2023-10-31T16:16:48","modified_gmt":"2023-10-31T13:16:48","slug":"%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%8a%d8%b7%d9%88%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%86-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%ae%d9%81%d9%8a%d9%81%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d8%b2%d9%86-%d8%a3%d9%82%d9%88%d9%89-%d8%a8%d8%a3%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=22442","title":{"rendered":"\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 – \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629* \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0622\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"

Scientists Develop Incredibly Lightweight Material 4 Times Stronger Than Steel<\/strong>
\n(BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY – \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629: \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a) <\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0642. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

( \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 )<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0641 \u0648\u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639. (\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646).<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0639\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0633\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0634\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0642. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 “\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629” (Cell Reports Physical Science).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a – \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a (DNA)\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0634\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u062b\u0631. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0637.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0623\u062b\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u063a \u063a\u0627\u0646\u063a\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 (Center for Functional Nanomaterials\u00a0(CFN)) \u060c \u0645\u0631\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0627\u0641\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629. . \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0647\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u063a \u063a\u0627\u0646\u063a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0622\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646 (\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0634\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u063a\u0627\u0646\u063a \u0642\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0627\u0641\u0646\u060c \u0622\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a (RNA)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 “\u0623\u0648\u0631\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0645\u064a”\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a”. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u063a\u0627\u0646\u063a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646: “\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641\u062a \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u064a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627. \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644-1400 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629[1]<\/sup><\/strong> (JEOL-1400 TEM)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0647\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0633-4800 [2] <\/sup><\/strong>\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 (Hitachi-4800 SEM). \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u0627\u0645.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u063a\u0627\u0646\u063a: “\u0643\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0633\u0645\u0643\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 5 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0636\u0639 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0644\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0637\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0642\u0648\u064a. \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062e\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629. \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u062d\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0635\u0631\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0631\u062e\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0644\u062a\u0648\u064a (\u064a\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062c)\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0642\u0641 \u0628\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637\u061f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0633\u0645 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647\u061f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0623\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646: “\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 [3]<\/sup><\/strong>“. \u0648\u0623\u0636\u0627\u0641: “\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a) \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0633\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0623\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u063a\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"
\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u063a\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u064a \u0634\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u062a\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0628\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630! \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u063a\u0627\u0646\u063a: “\u0644\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0648\u0643-\u0648\u0648 \u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0628\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f”. \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639: “\u0644\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0636\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u064b\u0627. \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u062f”.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u064a\u0621 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u062e\u0637\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0627. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062d\u0631\u064a\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0647.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u064b: “\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0627\u0641\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0646\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646”. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639: “\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a \u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a”.<\/span><\/p>\n

*\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639: \u201cHigh-strength, lightweight nano-architected silica\u201d by Aaron Michelson, Tyler J. Flanagan, Seok-Woo Lee and Oleg Gang, 27 June 2023,\u00a0Cell Reports\u00a0Physical Science<\/em>. DOI: 10.1016\/j.xcrp.2023.101475<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n

https:\/\/scitechdaily.com\/scientists-develop-incredibly-lightweight-material-4-times-stronger-than-steel\/<\/a><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634:<\/strong><\/p>\n[1] \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0644 1400 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 120 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633 (Gatan Orius) \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a \u0633\u064a \u062f\u064a (CCD) \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 2K \u00a0\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 50\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2,000,000 \u0645\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u00a0https:\/\/health.usf.edu\/medicine\/corefacilities\/microscopy\/joel-1400<\/a>. \u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0633\u064a \u0633\u064a \u062f\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0630\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n[2] \u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0647\u064a\u062a\u0627\u0634\u064a S-4800 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0633\u062d \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644: \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0636\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 2.0 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f 1 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 “\u0633\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u064a \u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u064a \u0641\u0644\u062a\u0631”\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631:\u00a0 \u00a0https:\/\/www.utoledo.edu\/engineering\/cmsc\/instruments\/s4800.html<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n[3] \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Nanoindentation) \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 (\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633) \u0641\u064a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062d \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645. \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0622\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Scientists Develop Incredibly Lightweight Material 4 Times Stronger Than Steel (BROOKHAVEN NATIONAL LABORATORY – \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629: \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a) \u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629: \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643\u062a \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0647\u0627\u0641\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0648\u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":22450,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22442","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-19"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22442","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=22442"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22442\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22451,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22442\/revisions\/22451"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/22450"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=22442"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=22442"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=22442"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}