{"id":18813,"date":"2022-12-19T00:19:39","date_gmt":"2022-12-18T21:19:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=18813"},"modified":"2022-12-19T00:19:39","modified_gmt":"2022-12-18T21:19:39","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%b7%d9%8a%d9%81-%d9%83%d8%a3%d9%86%d9%83-%d9%84%d9%85-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%b9-%d8%a8%d9%87-%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%82%d8%a8%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=18813","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0643\u0623\u0646\u0643 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644…! (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644) – \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"

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    \n
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      \n
    1. \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

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        \n
      1. \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

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        \"\"
        \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0640\u064f\u0628\u064a\u062f<\/strong> \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a. \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: <\/strong>https:\/\/www.marefa.org<\/strong><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

        \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u064a\u0646 [3000 \u0642. \u0645.] \u0648 [600 \u0642. \u0645.] ….<\/strong><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

        \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n

          \n
        1. https:\/\/www.agraas.com\/history\/279-stone-age<\/strong>\/<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
        2. https:\/\/www.qudamaa.com\/vb\/node\/36525<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
        3. https:\/\/sites.google.com\/site\/alwantef\/home\/zawyte-altarykh\/altarykh-alqdym\/alsamywn-1<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
        4. http:\/\/arab-ency.com.sy\/ency\/details\/2353\/4<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
        5. https:\/\/arabsgreatnation.wordpress.com\/2009\/12\/09\/%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1-%D8%AD%D9%86%D8%A7-%D8%B9%D9%86<\/strong>\/<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
        6. https:\/\/mawdoo3.com\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A2%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n
        7. https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%81<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
        8. https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B8%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%81<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
        9. https:\/\/www.marefa.org\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%81<\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/li>\n
        10. https:\/\/www.wikiwand.com\/ar\/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%81#%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86_(227%D9%85)<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

          \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0623\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

            \n
          1. \u0622\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u064a (2017\u0645.). \u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 (\u0637. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/li>\n
          2. \u0628\u0648\u062a\u0633\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0627\u0644 \u062a. (2003\u0645). \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0638\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a.: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a. ISBN 9948010361. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 9 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644 2017. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 8 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\/\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\u060c 2017\u0645.<\/span><\/li>\n
          3. “\u00ab\u0639\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u062a\u00bb \u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e – \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641”. qatifoasis.com. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 5 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2016. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 01 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2016.<\/span><\/li>\n
          4. \u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u064a. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 2 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2020. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 9 \u0646\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0646\/\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\u060c 2017\u0645.<\/span><\/li>\n
          5. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f. \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u062f (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a) (\u0637. \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629). \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 2 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2020. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 8 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\/\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\u060c 2017\u0645..<\/span><\/li>\n
          6. \u0623\u0641\u0646\u062f\u064a \u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0631\u062c\u064a (1881\u0645). \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 24 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2018. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 8 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\/\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\u060c 2017\u0645.<\/span><\/li>\n
          7. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0627\u0642\u0648\u062a. \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646. \u062c. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633. \u0635. 84.<\/span><\/li>\n
          8. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f (1989\u0645). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641 (\u0637. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649). \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f. {{\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628}}: \u060c \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 |\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644= (\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629)<\/span><\/li>\n
          9. \u0637\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0642\u0631 (2011\u0645). \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629. \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642. \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0642. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 2 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2020.<\/span><\/li>\n
          10. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062c1 \u0635569<\/span><\/li>\n
          11. \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0648\u0627\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645. \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0642\u064a. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 2 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2020. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 8 \u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\/\u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\u060c 2017\u0645.<\/span><\/li>\n
          12. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641. \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0638\u0628\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c 2001\u0645.<\/span><\/li>\n
          13. “\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646 – \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0629”. alwahamag.com. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 11 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2016. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 02 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 2016.<\/span><\/li>\n
          14. \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0627\u0630\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 (1866). \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646. J. Brill. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 2 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2020.<\/span><\/li>\n
          15. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0641\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0644\u0639\u064a. \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 – \u062c 1: \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629. IslamKotob. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 2 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2020.<\/span><\/li>\n
          16. \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u064a\u0639\u0642\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0646 (1985). \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c. ktab INC. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 2 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2020.<\/span><\/li>\n
          17. “\u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062f \u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629”. ws. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 31 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2017. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 30 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2017.<\/span><\/li>\n
          18. \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0648\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0627\u0642\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (1906). \u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646. \u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a [\u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647]. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 2 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2020. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 11 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0644\/\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646\u060c 2017\u0645.<\/span><\/li>\n
          19. \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0642\u062a\u064a\u0628\u0629). \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629. 1957\u0645.<\/span><\/li>\n
          20. “\u0648\u0641\u0640\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0640\u064a\u0633 | \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u062f”. 06 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2017. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 21 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2020. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 06 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2017.<\/span><\/li>\n
          21. “\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646 – \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0629”. 06 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2017. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 21 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2020. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 06 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2017.<\/span><\/li>\n
          22. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0639\u0644\u064a. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062a\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641 1572-1521\u0645. \u0623\u0628\u0648\u0638\u0628\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u060c 2001\u0645.<\/span><\/li>\n
          23. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643\u060c \u062c3 \u0635 255\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062c2\u060c \u0635 504.<\/span><\/li>\n
          24. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0633\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0633 (1422\u0647). \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646 (PDF). \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629.: \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632. ISBN 9960693813. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 21 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2020.<\/span><\/li>\n
          25. \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0635136 \u0639\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u0647\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/span><\/li>\n
          26. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 (1982\u0645). \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f (\u0637. \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629). \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636: \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641. \u0635. 69. {{\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628}}: \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637 |access-date= \u0628\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0640 |url= (\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629)<\/span><\/li>\n
          27. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a (1999\u0645). \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. ISBN 9960660737.<\/span><\/li>\n
          28. “\u0627\u0644\u0640\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 – \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641”. qatifoasis.com. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 7 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2018. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 29 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2017.<\/span><\/li>\n
          29. “\u0645\u0639\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u2022 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629”. ws. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 7 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2018. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 06 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2017.<\/span><\/li>\n
          30. “\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u064a 41 – 132\u0647\u0640 \/ 661 – 750\u0645”. net. \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 7 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2018. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 09 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2017.<\/span><\/li>\n
          31. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a (1965\u0645). \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631: \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e. \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a.<\/span><\/li>\n
          32. \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u062c 3\u060c \u0635 252<\/span><\/li>\n
          33. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0635\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0622\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 (1999\u0645). \u062a\u062d\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u062c. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644. ISBN 9960660737.<\/span><\/li>\n
          34. \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 7 \u0635493<\/span><\/li>\n
          35. \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u06403 \u0635736<\/span><\/li>\n
          36. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f (2002\u0645). \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641. \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 12 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2018. {{\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628}}: \u060c \u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 |\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644= (\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629)<\/span><\/li>\n
          37. “\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0637\u0629 – \u0648\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641”. qatifoasis.com. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 8 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2018. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 13 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2017.<\/span><\/li>\n
          38. \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0635. 53.<\/span><\/li>\n
          39. \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e. \u062c. 7. \u0635. 126\u2013136.<\/span><\/li>\n
          40. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0644 228 \u0623.<\/span><\/li>\n
          41. “\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u0649 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641”. net. \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 21 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2020. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 07 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2017.<\/span><\/li>\n
          42. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u060c 532-533.<\/span><\/li>\n
          43. \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0628\u0646 \u0642\u0632\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u063a\u0644\u064a. \u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0646.<\/span><\/li>\n
          44. “\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 469 – 636\u0647\u0640 \/ 1076 – 1238\u0645 – \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 469 – 538\u0647\u0640 \/ 1076 – 1143\u0645”. net. \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 21 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2020. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 07 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2017.<\/span><\/li>\n
          45. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646. \u062f\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u060c 539.<\/span><\/li>\n
          46. \u0622\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (22 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2002\u0645). \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (PDF). \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a.: \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 (PDF) \u0641\u064a 29 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2016. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 8 \u0622\u0628\/\u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 2017\u0645.<\/span><\/li>\n
          47. \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (1982\u0645). \u0622\u0644 \u0634\u064a\u062e\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631). \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0646\u062c\u062f (PDF). \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629: \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632. \u0635. 178. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 (PDF) \u0641\u064a 2 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2020.<\/span><\/li>\n
          48. \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u063a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 (1994\u0645). \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0631). \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0646\u062c\u062f (PDF). \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642. \u0635. 179. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 (PDF) \u0641\u064a 21 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648 2020. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 2 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 2017\u0645.<\/span><\/li>\n
          49. \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0641 (\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0637\/\u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 2012\u0645.). \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (1245-1288\u0647\u0640\/1830-1871\u0645). jadawel.net (\u0637. \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649.). \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646: \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639. ISBN 9786144180532. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 5 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 2018.<\/span><\/li>\n
          50. \u0646\u062e\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628\u064a (1974\u0645). \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a. \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 2 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 2020. \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 7 \u062d\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c 2017\u0645.<\/span><\/li>\n
          51. Abdul Wahab Babeair, Ottoman Penetration of the Eastern Region of Arabian Peninsula, 1814-1841, PTI. Dm Indiana University, 1985, p 73, 74<\/span><\/li>\n
          52. \u0622\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (1991\u0645). \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0647\u062c\u0631. \u0645\u0624\u0631\u0634\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u064a 9 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2020.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
            \"\"
            \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

            \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

            [\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0646 …] \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u064a\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0647\u0627) \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0647\u0627) \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0634\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 (\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0646, \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0647\u0627) \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0621 (\u0647\u062c\u0631) \u063a\u0631\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":18819,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21,16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18813","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-21","category-16"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18813","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18813"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18813\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18821,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18813\/revisions\/18821"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/18819"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18813"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18813"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18813"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}