{"id":18024,"date":"2022-10-21T00:08:26","date_gmt":"2022-10-20T21:08:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=18024"},"modified":"2022-10-21T00:08:26","modified_gmt":"2022-10-20T21:08:26","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d9%87%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%b4%d8%aa%d8%b1%d9%83-%d9%88%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b5%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%aa%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b9%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d8%b1%d8%ac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=18024","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a – \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0631\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"

Shared understanding and social connection: Integrating approaches from social psychology, social network analysis, and neuroscience
\n(\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0633\u064a \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646 – Elisa C. Baek & Carolyn Parkinson)<\/span><\/h3>\n

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\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a (“\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a\u0629” \u061b Higgins et al. \u060c 2021). \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u064a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a (Rossignac-Milon et al.\u060c 2021).<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n

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\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 (ISCs)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629) \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a (Nastase et al.\u060c 2019).<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0633\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f (\u0623\u064a ISC \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b (Lahnakoski et al.\u060c 2014\u061b Nguyen et al.\u060c 2019\u061b Yeshurun \u200b\u200bet al.\u060c 2017) \u061b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 (Nguyen et al. \u060c 2019) \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0631\u062f \u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b (Lahnakoski et al. \u060c 2014 \u061b Yeshurun \u200b\u200bet al. \u060c 2017). \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n

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\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u063a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648 \/ \u0623\u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 (Nisbett et al.\u060c 1977) \u0648\u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a (Wilson et al.\u060c 1993\u061b Wilson & Schooler\u060c 1991). \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

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\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a (Andersen & Przybylinski\u060c 2018\u061b Bar-Shachar & Bar-Kalifa\u060c 2021\u061b Higgins et al.\u060c 2021\u061b Rossignac-Milon et al.\u060c 2021).<\/p>\n

\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 (Echterhoff & Higgins\u060c 2018\u061b Higgins et al.\u060c 2021). \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0639” – \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (McPherson et al.\u060c 2002)\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 (Youyou et al.\u060c 2017) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 (Byrne\u060c 1961\u061b Dehghani et al.\u060c 2016\u061b L\u00f6nnqvist & Itkonen \u060c 2016 \u061b Youyou et al. \u060c 2017).<\/p>\n

\u0633\u0644\u0637\u062a \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629: \u064a\u0646\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 (Byrne\u060c 1961\u060c 1997\u061b Hyon et al.\u060c 2020\u061b Montoya & Horton\u060c 2013). \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u061b \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0648\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 (Rossignac-Milon et al.\u060c 2021 \u061b \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 1).<\/p>\n

\"\"
\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 1: \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a. (\u0623) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0644\u0645) \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u061b \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646 Hyon et al. (2020). (\u0628) \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0646 Rossignac-Milon et al. (2021)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u064a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0648\u0642\u0634 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f. \u062a\u0645\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u061b Hyon et al.\u060c 2020\u061b Parkinson et al.\u060c 2018) \u0648\u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u062f\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u061b Kinreich et al.\u060c 2017).<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0637\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u063a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639)\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629 (Hyon et al.\u060c 2020\u061b Parkinson et al.\u060c 2018\u061b \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 1).<\/p>\n

\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u061b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0627\u062a) \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u061b Kinreich et al.\u060c 2017)\u061b \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 – \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0639 – \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a (Echterhoff & Higgins\u060c 2018\u061b Higgins et al.\u060c 2021).<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u064d \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 (\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u060c 2003) \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0638\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0642 (\u063a\u0648\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633). \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c 2010)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0623\u064a\u0631\u0644\u0646\u062f\u0627 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c 2011)\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (Niederhoffer & Pennebaker\u060c 2002).<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong>\u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 (Baek & Falk\u060c 2018\u061b Kilduff & Day\u060c 1994\u061b Wang et al.\u060c 2015)\u060c \u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0645 \u0648 \/ \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a. \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 (\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0644\u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646).<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 (Baek et al.\u060c 2022\u061b Baek\u060c Hyon et al.\u060c 2021). \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629) \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a (\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627) \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645) (\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c 2022\u061b \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 2).<\/p>\n

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\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u064a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0645 (Yeshurun \u200b\u200bet al.\u060c 2021). \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0648\u062d\u0638\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637 (Kinreich et al.\u060c 2017\u061b Piazza et al. \u060c 2020) \u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 – \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0645 – \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n

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\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 (Cialdini & Trots\u060c 1998\u061b Turner\u060c 1991). \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0621 (“\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a”) \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0625\u0628\u0644\u0627\u063a \u062a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629 (“\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a”) (Asch\u060c 1956\u061b Deutsch & Gerard\u060c 1955\u061b \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u060c 1935 \u060c 1936).<\/p>\n

\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 Asch (1951) \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0645\u062a\u062b\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a (Baumeister & Leary\u060c 1995) \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 (Chen et al.\u060c 1996). \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062f\u0639\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641 (1935\u060c 1936) \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d. \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646\u061b \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0622\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 (Klucharev \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c 2009)\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0644\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0622\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0645\u0627\u063a (\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u0646 \u0648\u0622\u062e\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c 2015). \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0645\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629 “\u0625\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0631” \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u062d\u0641\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

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\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0632 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647\u0645 (McPherson et al.\u060c 2002). \u0647\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0623\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u061f<\/strong> \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0649 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0645 \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a\u061f \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0630\u0627\u0628 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 (Byrne\u060c 1961\u060c 1997\u061b Montoya & Horton\u060c 2013)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0634\u0628\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644.<\/p>\n

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\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a\u061b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0648\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0647\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 (Elfenbein & Ambady \u060c 2002). \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

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\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0639\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629\u061b \u062a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 (Schm\u00e4lzle et al.\u060c 2014)\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f (Dmochowski et al.\u060c 2014).<\/p>\n

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[\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a]<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n

https:\/\/compass.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1111\/spc3.12710<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

\"\"
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Shared understanding and social connection: Integrating approaches from social psychology, social network analysis, and neuroscience (\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0633\u064a \u0628\u0627\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0646 – Elisa C. Baek & Carolyn Parkinson) \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a: (\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0628) [\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629] \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":18025,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18024","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-19"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18024","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=18024"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18024\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18031,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18024\/revisions\/18031"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/18025"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=18024"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=18024"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=18024"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}