{"id":15976,"date":"2022-05-01T03:41:46","date_gmt":"2022-05-01T00:41:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=15976"},"modified":"2022-05-06T11:05:39","modified_gmt":"2022-05-06T08:05:39","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%81%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b1%d8%a6%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a9-21-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=15976","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 (21) \u2013 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0634\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 class=\"name post-title entry-title\" style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>\u201c\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649\u201d <\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0644\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<div class=\"entry\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>[\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062c2<\/strong><strong>]\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>5- \u0627\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><strong>5-3 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631. \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0645. \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0636\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1783.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16006\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16006\" style=\"width: 347px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-16006\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/CtGqrVuVYAA-74x-300x198.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"347\" height=\"229\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/CtGqrVuVYAA-74x-300x198.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/CtGqrVuVYAA-74x-1024x675.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/CtGqrVuVYAA-74x-150x99.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/CtGqrVuVYAA-74x-768x506.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/CtGqrVuVYAA-74x-110x73.jpg 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/CtGqrVuVYAA-74x-250x165.jpg 250w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/CtGqrVuVYAA-74x-310x205.jpg 310w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/CtGqrVuVYAA-74x-501x330.jpg 501w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/CtGqrVuVYAA-74x-796x525.jpg 796w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/CtGqrVuVYAA-74x.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 347px) 100vw, 347px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16006\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 8pt;\">\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0633\u0645\u0631\u0642\u0646\u062f \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f &#8211; \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: twitter.com\/uzb_officia<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0646\u0628\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u061b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0641 \u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 (\u062e\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0636\u0645 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1917.<\/p>\n<p>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629. \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u060c \u062d\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0632\u062a \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062b\u0648\u0630\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u064f\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0648\u062a\u0632\u062e\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u0631\u0642\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0649 (\u0628\u062e\u0648\u0631\u0648) \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16007\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16007\" style=\"width: 370px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-16007\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/954_2941_1913-300x168.gif\" alt=\"\" width=\"370\" height=\"207\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/954_2941_1913-300x168.gif 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/954_2941_1913-150x84.gif 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/954_2941_1913-110x62.gif 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/954_2941_1913-295x165.gif 295w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/954_2941_1913-310x174.gif 310w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 370px) 100vw, 370px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16007\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 8pt;\">\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: koreapost.com<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0647\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0631\u0642\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0634\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u200b\u200b\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062c\u064a\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647\u0627. \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u062c\u0626 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 (usul-i jadid) \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0634\u0642\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0631\u0642\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0632\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0642\u0646\u062f. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16009\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16009\" style=\"width: 328px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-16009\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/6EA5C990-3F43-41B3-92BD-21D583986069_w1200_r1-300x193.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"328\" height=\"211\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/6EA5C990-3F43-41B3-92BD-21D583986069_w1200_r1-300x193.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/6EA5C990-3F43-41B3-92BD-21D583986069_w1200_r1-150x96.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/6EA5C990-3F43-41B3-92BD-21D583986069_w1200_r1-110x71.jpg 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/6EA5C990-3F43-41B3-92BD-21D583986069_w1200_r1-257x165.jpg 257w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/6EA5C990-3F43-41B3-92BD-21D583986069_w1200_r1-310x199.jpg 310w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/6EA5C990-3F43-41B3-92BD-21D583986069_w1200_r1-513x330.jpg 513w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/6EA5C990-3F43-41B3-92BD-21D583986069_w1200_r1.jpg 720w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 328px) 100vw, 328px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16009\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 8pt;\">\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: khilafah.com<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c\u062a \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0639\u0638\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0647\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u060c \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u063a \u0628\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0635\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0631\u0642\u0646\u062f. \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0641\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f (Nav\u0101) \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0628\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f (1900-20) \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0641 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0643\u0644 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u0651\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649. \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0648 \u0648\u0634\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 (\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643 (\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0623\u0648\u063a\u0644\u064a) \u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627 (1909 \u061b \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639) \u060c \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d \u060c \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0648\u0634 (1913 \u061b \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0634). \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 (Otg\u00e4n kunl\u00e4r) (1922\u201326 \u061b \u062f\u0627\u064a \u063a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u064a) \u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0634\u0648\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u064b \u063a\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0632\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645-\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u062a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u0639\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0641\u0636\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062d\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0641 \u0625\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16016\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16016\" style=\"width: 346px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-16016\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Alisher-Navoi-300x155.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"346\" height=\"179\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Alisher-Navoi-300x155.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Alisher-Navoi-150x78.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Alisher-Navoi-110x57.jpg 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Alisher-Navoi-310x160.jpg 310w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/Alisher-Navoi.jpg 564w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 346px) 100vw, 346px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16016\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 8pt;\">\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: people-travels.com<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0629. \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0634\u0639\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u063a\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0643\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 (\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f 1921)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0648\u0627\u062a (Ap\u00e4 singill\u00e4r) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0634\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0622\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0626\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u062e\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0631\u0632\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0631\u0624\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u064a\u0628\u0631\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0645\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643.<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646. \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0631\u0642\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0637\u0634\u0642\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1917. \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062d\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u062d\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0646. \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629: \u0636\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 (\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631) \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0636\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0631\u0642\u0646\u062f \u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u064f\u064a\u062f\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-16010 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/communityIcon_x8hnsbskwy831.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"205\" height=\"256\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/communityIcon_x8hnsbskwy831.jpg 205w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/communityIcon_x8hnsbskwy831-120x150.jpg 120w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/communityIcon_x8hnsbskwy831-60x75.jpg 60w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/communityIcon_x8hnsbskwy831-132x165.jpg 132w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/communityIcon_x8hnsbskwy831-164x205.jpg 164w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 205px) 100vw, 205px\" \/>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629\u061b \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062c\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062e \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u0641. \u064a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 1920 \u0648 1990.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062e\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0641 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0633\u062a (&#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d&#8221;) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0627 (&#8220;\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0643\u0644\u0629&#8221;) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0642\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623\u0648\u0627 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u061b \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062d\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u062e \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u062c\u0629\u060c \u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0631\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0633\u064a &#8211; \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u064a\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0643\u062a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0634\u0642\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1942\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0628\u062f\u062a \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1992\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0630\u0628\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0629 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a. \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062e\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0646 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u00a0 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0645\u0631\u0642\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0637\u0634\u0642\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0633\u0643\u064a (\u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0643 \u063a\u0627\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a).<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0635\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u062c\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0645\u0631\u0642\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0637\u0634\u0642\u0646\u062f \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1905.<\/p>\n<p>\u0633\u0628\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u062f\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646. \u062c\u0644\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (1939-45) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0642\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0622\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0631\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16018\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16018\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-16018\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/uzbekistan-independence-day-typography-poster-uzbek-language-national-holiday-celebrate-september-vector-template-banner-225195597-e1651365580334-300x227.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"227\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/uzbekistan-independence-day-typography-poster-uzbek-language-national-holiday-celebrate-september-vector-template-banner-225195597-e1651365580334-300x227.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/uzbekistan-independence-day-typography-poster-uzbek-language-national-holiday-celebrate-september-vector-template-banner-225195597-e1651365580334-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/uzbekistan-independence-day-typography-poster-uzbek-language-national-holiday-celebrate-september-vector-template-banner-225195597-e1651365580334-768x580.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/uzbekistan-independence-day-typography-poster-uzbek-language-national-holiday-celebrate-september-vector-template-banner-225195597-e1651365580334-99x75.jpg 99w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/uzbekistan-independence-day-typography-poster-uzbek-language-national-holiday-celebrate-september-vector-template-banner-225195597-e1651365580334-219x165.jpg 219w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/uzbekistan-independence-day-typography-poster-uzbek-language-national-holiday-celebrate-september-vector-template-banner-225195597-e1651365580334-272x205.jpg 272w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/uzbekistan-independence-day-typography-poster-uzbek-language-national-holiday-celebrate-september-vector-template-banner-225195597-e1651365580334-437x330.jpg 437w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/uzbekistan-independence-day-typography-poster-uzbek-language-national-holiday-celebrate-september-vector-template-banner-225195597-e1651365580334-695x525.jpg 695w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/uzbekistan-independence-day-typography-poster-uzbek-language-national-holiday-celebrate-september-vector-template-banner-225195597-e1651365580334.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16018\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 8pt;\">\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: dreamstime.com<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062c\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1953 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0647. \u0641\u064a 1954-1955 \u060c \u0641\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0637\u0634\u0642\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0628\u0637\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a. \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629. \u0646\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623. \u0645\u062d\u064a\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0641 \u060c \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0631. \u0631\u0634\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0641 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u0627\u062f\u063a\u0627\u0631 \u0633.\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0627 \u060c \u062c\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643 \u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0624\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a\u0627\u064a (\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0643 (Karakalpak)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0635\u0641 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0633\u064f\u0628\u0639 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u062c\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u063a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0648-\u062a\u0648\u0646\u062c\u0648\u0633 (Manchu-Tungus) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5-4 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639. \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0628\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0648\u064a. \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0634\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644. \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 8 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0626\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646. \u062a\u0639\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0626\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0634\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16012\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16012\" style=\"width: 355px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-16012\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/417416a79590dd28e834894b483a78a6-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"355\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/417416a79590dd28e834894b483a78a6-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/417416a79590dd28e834894b483a78a6-150x113.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/417416a79590dd28e834894b483a78a6-100x75.jpg 100w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/417416a79590dd28e834894b483a78a6-220x165.jpg 220w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/417416a79590dd28e834894b483a78a6-273x205.jpg 273w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/417416a79590dd28e834894b483a78a6-439x330.jpg 439w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/417416a79590dd28e834894b483a78a6.jpg 450w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 355px) 100vw, 355px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16012\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 8pt;\">\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: pinterest.com<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0648\u0644. \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a. \u064a\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0644\u063a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u063a\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645. \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0645. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u063a\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0637 \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0623\u0646\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0629 (\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0646)\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0627\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646. \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0634\u0631\u0634\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16013\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16013\" style=\"width: 372px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-16013\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/245379206_414009310353350_7246550024682353084_n-300x200.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"372\" height=\"248\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/245379206_414009310353350_7246550024682353084_n-300x200.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/245379206_414009310353350_7246550024682353084_n-1024x682.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/245379206_414009310353350_7246550024682353084_n-150x100.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/245379206_414009310353350_7246550024682353084_n-768x512.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/245379206_414009310353350_7246550024682353084_n-110x73.jpeg 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/245379206_414009310353350_7246550024682353084_n-248x165.jpeg 248w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/245379206_414009310353350_7246550024682353084_n-308x205.jpeg 308w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/245379206_414009310353350_7246550024682353084_n-495x330.jpeg 495w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/245379206_414009310353350_7246550024682353084_n-788x525.jpeg 788w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/245379206_414009310353350_7246550024682353084_n.jpeg 1280w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16013\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 8pt;\">\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: eurasianet.org<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639. \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0648\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0644 [Ohangaron (Akhangaran)] \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0637\u0634\u0642\u0646\u062f. \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u063a\u0633\u062a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0646\u0643. \u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u062e \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0645\u0634 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u062b\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631. \u064a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0632\u0628\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0632\u062c\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u064f\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0637\u0634\u0642\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0631\u0642\u0646\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0631\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639. \u062a\u062a\u063a\u0630\u0649 \u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062c\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0646\u0627\u062f\u0642. \u064a\u0634\u062a\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16014\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16014\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-16014\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/DSCF2814-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/DSCF2814-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/DSCF2814-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/DSCF2814-150x100.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/DSCF2814-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/DSCF2814-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/DSCF2814-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/DSCF2814-110x73.jpg 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/DSCF2814-248x165.jpg 248w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/DSCF2814-308x205.jpg 308w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/DSCF2814-495x330.jpg 495w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/05\/DSCF2814-788x525.jpg 788w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16014\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 8pt;\">\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: uzbekforum.org<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0646\u0636\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0634\u0642\u0646\u062f. \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.\u00a0 \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0650\u0639\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0625\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u062e \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0631\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062e\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u0641\u0630\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0642\u0635 \u0645\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649. \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0634\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0628\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1946.<\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">\u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0639\u0646\u00a0<em>\u201c\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629\u00a0\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649\u201d<\/em> [\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 &#8211; <\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u2013 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #800080;\">] \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 (22)\u201d\u060c\u060c\u060c\u060c\u060c\u060c<\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Uzbek-people<\/li>\n<li>https:\/\/www.britannica.com\/topic\/Kazakh<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<figure id=\"attachment_4855\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-4855\" style=\"width: 130px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-4855\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Aljishi-Ali-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"130\" height=\"130\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Aljishi-Ali-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Aljishi-Ali-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Aljishi-Ali-75x75.jpg 75w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Aljishi-Ali-165x165.jpg 165w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Aljishi-Ali-205x205.jpg 205w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Aljishi-Ali-330x330.jpg 330w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Aljishi-Ali-525x525.jpg 525w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Aljishi-Ali-600x600.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/03\/Aljishi-Ali.jpg 640w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 130px) 100vw, 130px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-4855\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 8pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0634\u064a<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201c\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649\u201d \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0644\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 [\u0623\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062c2] 5- \u0627\u0648\u0632\u0628\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 5-3 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643 \u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u062e\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0637\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0624\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0639\u0634\u0631. \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0641\u0643\u0643 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":16008,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[15],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15976","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-15"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15976","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15976"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15976\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16091,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15976\/revisions\/16091"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/16008"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15976"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15976"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15976"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}