{"id":14486,"date":"2022-01-21T00:47:28","date_gmt":"2022-01-20T21:47:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=14486"},"modified":"2022-01-21T06:14:25","modified_gmt":"2022-01-21T03:14:25","slug":"%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%81-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d9%88%d8%af-%d9%84%d8%ba%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%9f-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d8%ba%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d9%86%d8%ac%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%a9","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=14486","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u061f: \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b* &#8211; \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><strong>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646[1] \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629: \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629&#8221; \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u062d\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14487\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14487\" style=\"width: 162px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-14487\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/rosemary-salomone-the-rise-of-english-oup-2021.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"162\" height=\"246\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/rosemary-salomone-the-rise-of-english-oup-2021.jpg 181w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/rosemary-salomone-the-rise-of-english-oup-2021-99x150.jpg 99w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/rosemary-salomone-the-rise-of-english-oup-2021-49x75.jpg 49w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/rosemary-salomone-the-rise-of-english-oup-2021-109x165.jpg 109w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/rosemary-salomone-the-rise-of-english-oup-2021-135x205.jpg 135w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 162px) 100vw, 162px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14487\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 8pt;\">\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 1.5 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 400 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0647\u064a \u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645. \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 60% \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 (lingua franca) \u0644\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 (pop culture) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a. \u062a\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629. &#8220;\u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0646 100 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645&#8221;.<br \/>\n\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u062c\u0633\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0638\u0631 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0623\u0646\u062c\u0644\u0632\u0629&#8221; (Anglicisms) \u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 (gamer) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0645\u0629 (dark web) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0641\u0629 (fake news)&#8221;\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 &#8220;\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0648\u0621&#8221;. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0649 &#8220;\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646&#8221; (Toubon Law)[2] \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 35% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0640 65% \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u061b \u064a\u063a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u062c\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 90 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629.<br \/>\n\u062a\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629&#8221; (\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 neoliberalism) \u0648 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0629&#8221; (globalization). \u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0624\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 (language policy) \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u063a\u0648\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14488\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14488\" style=\"width: 316px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Untitled-design-77.webp\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-14488\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Untitled-design-77-300x169.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"316\" height=\"178\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Untitled-design-77-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Untitled-design-77-150x84.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Untitled-design-77-110x62.webp 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Untitled-design-77-293x165.webp 293w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Untitled-design-77-310x174.webp 310w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Untitled-design-77.webp 560w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 316px) 100vw, 316px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14488\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"font-size: 8pt; color: #0000ff;\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: oneminuteenglish<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0652 \u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f. \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 (native Anglophones). \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0639\u062c\u0631\u0641\u0629 (smug monolingualsim)&#8221;\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 (Tutsi) \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a.<br \/>\n\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644. \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u064a\u0642 \u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0639 \u0636\u062f \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629&#8221; (egalitarian language) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 &#8220;\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0626\u0641\u0629&#8221; (legacy of caste).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14489\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14489\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/16x9.webp\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-14489\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/16x9-300x169.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/16x9-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/16x9-150x84.webp 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/16x9-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/16x9-110x62.webp 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/16x9-293x165.webp 293w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/16x9-310x174.webp 310w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/16x9-587x330.webp 587w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/16x9.webp 850w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14489\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 8pt;\">\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: sbs.com.au<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 (social status)\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0648\u062f (Bollywood) \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629: &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f. \u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 (class)&#8221;. \u0644\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0628\u063a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0651 [\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u064b\u0651\u0627].<br \/>\n\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0635\u0644 &#8220;\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u062b\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645. \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Africaans)\u060c \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 11 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 9.6% \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 (first language)\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 &#8220;\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a&#8221;\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062e\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064a (apartheid regime) \u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f)\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0648\u062f \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u064a\u0636\u063a\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14490\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14490\" style=\"width: 300px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-14490\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Vernacular-schools-300x150.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Vernacular-schools-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Vernacular-schools-150x75.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Vernacular-schools-768x384.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Vernacular-schools-110x55.jpg 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Vernacular-schools-310x155.jpg 310w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Vernacular-schools-660x330.jpg 660w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Vernacular-schools.jpg 800w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14490\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 8pt;\">\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: theelephant.info<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0636\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0630\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0648\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0646). \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c &#8220;\u064a\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0628 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629&#8221; (bilingual: \u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u064a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;AfriKaaps&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u0648\u062c \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0628 \u0647\u0648\u0628&#8221; (hip-hop).<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0646 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0647\u0648\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0645\u0648\u062d&#8221;\u060c \u0648 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 (economic power)&#8221;. \u0625\u0646\u0651\u064e \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 &#8220;\u0645\u062b\u0645\u0631&#8221;\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0640 &#8220;\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0633\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645&#8221;. \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645\u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627\u060c &#8220;\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0636 (publish or perish)&#8221; \u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0631\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 &#8230; \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0636 (publish in English or perish)&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0645\u0646 5% (\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0646\u0633) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0630\u0647\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a 200% (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642) \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629&#8221;. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f 90% \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a &#8220;\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0629&#8221; \u0644\u0627 \u063a\u0646\u0649 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621. \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u0625\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646.<br \/>\n\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0639\u0648 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062e\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 (American monolingualism)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 (national language).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_14491\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-14491\" style=\"width: 171px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-14491\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/\u062d\u0647\u062d\u0639\u062a\u062e\u062d-300x158.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"171\" height=\"90\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/\u062d\u0647\u062d\u0639\u062a\u062e\u062d-300x158.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/\u062d\u0647\u062d\u0639\u062a\u062e\u062d-1024x539.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/\u062d\u0647\u062d\u0639\u062a\u062e\u062d-150x79.jpeg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/\u062d\u0647\u062d\u0639\u062a\u062e\u062d-768x404.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/\u062d\u0647\u062d\u0639\u062a\u062e\u062d-110x58.jpeg 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/\u062d\u0647\u062d\u0639\u062a\u062e\u062d-310x163.jpeg 310w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/\u062d\u0647\u062d\u0639\u062a\u062e\u062d-627x330.jpeg 627w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/\u062d\u0647\u062d\u0639\u062a\u062e\u062d-997x525.jpeg 997w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/\u062d\u0647\u062d\u0639\u062a\u062e\u062d.jpeg 1521w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 171px) 100vw, 171px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-14491\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 8pt;\">\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629: grammarly.com<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0648\u0644\u0645 (globalized world)\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0643\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0623\u0646 &#8220;\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0631 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 (creativity and innovation)&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621: \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 access to global markets)\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u064a \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 &#8211; \u0643\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629&#8221; (economic efficiency).<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0625\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0636\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a (cultural heritage)\u060c<br \/>\n\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 (resistance to great powers)\u060c \u0648\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0628\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u0645\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u062c\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0637\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u060c<\/strong> \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u064a\u0644: <strong>\u0647\u0644 \u0633\u062a\u062d\u0644 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0628\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f\u0647\u0645 1.11 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 (lingua franca) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u061f<\/strong> \u0648\u0647\u0644 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 (Google) \u0623\u0648 (Microsoft)\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0630\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0633\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0634 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0624\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u061f \u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 (\u0648\u062c\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0624\u0648\u0628) \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0648\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629: &#8220;\u0631\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627&#8221;.<br \/>\n_____<br \/>\n<strong>\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0634<\/strong><br \/>\n[*]\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646: &#8220;\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629&#8221;\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 (\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 1). \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/01\/18\/books\/review\/the-rise-of-english-rosemary-salomone.html\">https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2022\/01\/18\/books\/review\/the-rise-of-english-rosemary-salomone.html<\/a><br \/>\n[1] \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0643\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0643\u064a\u0646\u064a\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0646\u063a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627. \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627: &#8220;\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0643\u064a \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646&#8221; (\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0647\u0627\u0631\u0641\u0627\u0631\u062f)\u060c &#8220;\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0621 \u060c\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064d: \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0643\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0633&#8221; (\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u064a\u0644) \u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645: \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 (\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u064a\u0644) \u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0641\u0626 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646: \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f &#8220;\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0648\u0646&#8221; (\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0646). \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0648: &#8220;\u0635\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629&#8221; (\u0645\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0641\u0648\u0631\u062f\u060c 2021).<br \/>\n[2] \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1994\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 &#8220;\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 Law Toubon&#8221; \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a 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