{"id":11697,"date":"2021-07-15T22:03:15","date_gmt":"2021-07-15T19:03:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=11697"},"modified":"2021-07-15T22:03:15","modified_gmt":"2021-07-15T19:03:15","slug":"%d9%85%d9%81%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%8a%d9%85-%d9%88%d9%86%d8%b8%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%af-%d8%ac%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d9%88%d8%ac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/?p=11697","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f (\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636) \u2013 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0634\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a 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\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0644\u0647 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_11708\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11708\" style=\"width: 368px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11708\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/1_yuZlQtuUNmzOQXnQgU_dMw.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"368\" height=\"198\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/1_yuZlQtuUNmzOQXnQgU_dMw.png 666w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/1_yuZlQtuUNmzOQXnQgU_dMw-300x161.png 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/1_yuZlQtuUNmzOQXnQgU_dMw-150x81.png 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/1_yuZlQtuUNmzOQXnQgU_dMw-110x59.png 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/1_yuZlQtuUNmzOQXnQgU_dMw-307x165.png 307w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/1_yuZlQtuUNmzOQXnQgU_dMw-310x167.png 310w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/1_yuZlQtuUNmzOQXnQgU_dMw-614x330.png 614w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 368px) 100vw, 368px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-11708\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 8pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: medium.com\/impact-economics<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0631 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\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0631\u063a\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u062c\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a. <strong>\u0625\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u062e\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0634\u062e\u0635 \u062b\u0631\u064a<\/strong><strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_11710\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-11710\" style=\"width: 360px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11710\" src=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/eight_col_62000161_l.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"360\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/eight_col_62000161_l.jpg 720w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/eight_col_62000161_l-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/eight_col_62000161_l-150x94.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/eight_col_62000161_l-110x69.jpg 110w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/eight_col_62000161_l-264x165.jpg 264w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/eight_col_62000161_l-310x194.jpg 310w, https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/eight_col_62000161_l-528x330.jpg 528w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-11710\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff; font-size: 8pt;\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631: rnz.co.nz<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0623\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f. <strong>\u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627<\/strong>. \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f (<strong>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636<\/strong>)<br \/>\nSupply-Side Theory<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">(\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u062c\u064a\u0645\u0633 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0646)<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u061f<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a. \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f. \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062c \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>\u0645\u0639\u0637\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/strong><strong>:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0623\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 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\/><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062f \u0631\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u062e\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f. \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0631\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0633\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0646 3.5 \u066a \u061b \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0625\u062a\u0634. \u0628\u0648\u0634 (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a): 2.25\u066a \u061b \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 (\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a): 3.88\u066a \u061b \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0634 (\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a): 2.2\u066a \u061b \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0623\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 (\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a): 1.62\u066a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 (\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a): 0.95\u066a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0638\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0638\u0649 \u0628\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0624\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a 2001 \u0648 2003\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u062f\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u0634 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642. \u062a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2017\u060c \u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0636\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064a \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636. \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0641 (TCJA) \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648. \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u062d\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0636\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0641\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f.<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u060c \u0623\u0646\u0641\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 1.1 \u062a\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0633\u0647\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/ask\/answers\/040915\/what-demandside-economics.asp\">https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/ask\/answers\/040915\/what-demandside-economics.asp<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/s\/supply-sidetheory.asp\">https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/s\/supply-sidetheory.asp<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f (\u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628) Demand-Side Economics Defined (\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645: \u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648\u0644\u061b \u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0644 \u062c \u0628\u0648\u064a\u0644) \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628\u061f \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628. \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":4855,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11697","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","","category-19"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11697","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11697"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11697\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11711,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11697\/revisions\/11711"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4855"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11697"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11697"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.qatifscience.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11697"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}